贵州省麻江县大型真菌资源调查报告  

Investigation on macrofungi in Majiang County, Guizhou Province

作　　者：郑伟 邓春英 周少奇[1] 周伟[1] Zheng Wei;Deng Chunying;Zhou Shaoqi;Zhou Wei(College of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Academy of Science,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州科学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《食药用菌》2022年第6期412-419,共8页Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms

基　　金：贵州省武陵-苗岭山区菌物资源普查(黔科合支撑[2019]2451-2号);贵州省主要食药用菌资源信息化智能平台建设及应用(黔科合服企[2019]4007号);微生物堆肥技术在大宗食用菌棒无害化资源利用中的应用研究(黔科合支撑[2022]一般226)。

摘　　要：为摸清贵州省麻江县大型真菌资源现状,于2019—2021年采用踏查法开展了7次大型真菌标本的采集与调查,结合形态分类学和分子系统学方法进行物种鉴定,参照相关文献评价其资源价值。结果显示,麻江县大型真菌有2门6纲19目58科145属共292种,其中中国特有种12种,近危种3种,食用菌76种,药用菌30种,食药兼用菌69种,毒菌25种。优势科为红菇科Russulaceae,24种,占总种数的8.22%。优势属为红菇属Russula,14种,占总种数的4.79%。大型真菌属的区系地理成分分析表明,麻江县分布世界广布属63个、北温带分布属23个、热带-亚热带分布属18个、东亚-北美间断分布属4个、中国特有分布属1个,分别占总属数的43.45%、15.86%、12.41%、2.76%和0.69%。表明麻江县大型真菌资源丰富,有较高的可开发性。In order to improve the understanding of the biodiversity of the Majiang County, Guizhou Province, 7surveys of macrofungi and collecting of specimens were carried out in the duration from 2019 to 2021. The specimens were identified based on morphological and molecular systematic methods, and the resource value was evaluated with reference to relevant literature. A total of 292 species belonging to 2 phyla, 6 classes, 19 orders, 58 families, and 145genera were confirmed. Among them, 12 species endemic to China and 3 near threatened, 76 edible mushrooms, 30medicinal mushrooms, 69 edible and medicinal mushrooms, and 25 poisonous mushrooms. The most dominant family was Russulaceae, including 24 species accounting for 8.22% of the total species and the most dominant genus was Russula, including 14 species accounting for 4.79% of the total species. The analysis of the geographical components of macrofungal flora shows that there were 63 world wide distribution, 23 the north temperate distribution, 18 the tropical-subtropical distribution, and 4 the East Asia-North America discontinuous distribution, 1 China-specific distribution, accounting for 43.45%, 15.86%, 12.41%, 2.76% and 0.69% of the total number of genera. Majiang County is rich in macrofungal resources and highly exploitable.

关 键 词：麻江县 大型真菌 物种多样性 资源评价 红菇科 

分 类 号：Q949.329[生物学—植物学] Q949.325