深远海大型围栏养殖大黄鱼海域沉积物质量分析与评价  

Analysis and Evaluation of Sediment Quality in a Larimichthys crocea Farm Cultured with a Deep-Sea Large-Scale Fence

作　　者：宋炜[1,2,3] 陈志和 谢正丽 刘永利 王磊[1] 王鲁民[1] SONG Wei;CHEN Zhihe;XIE Zhengli;LIU Yongli;WANG Lei;WANG Lumin(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;School of Life Sciences,Nanchang University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330031,China;Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao,Qingdao,Shangdong 266237,China;Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]南昌大学生命科学学院,江西南昌330031 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,山东青岛266237 [4]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2022年第6期47-55,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划——蓝色粮仓科技创新专项(2019YFD0900904);山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项(2018SDKJ0303-4);国家海水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-47);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD76)共同资助。

摘　　要：为评价深远海大型围栏养殖大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)海域的沉积物质量状况,通过对大黄鱼不同养殖期围栏养殖区、围栏外围区、网箱外围区和对照区的4次调查,分析评价了调查海域沉积物中的Cu、Zn、有机碳、硫化物等指标的区域分布、含量变化及污染水平,并采用内梅罗指数对调查海域沉积物进行了质量综合评价。结果显示,4次调查大黄鱼围栏养殖区沉积物Cu的含量范围为15~33 mg/kg,Zn的含量范围为80~137mg/kg,有机碳的含量范围为0.14%~1.90%,硫化物的含量范围为0.3~128.0 mg/kg。围栏中心区沉积物有机碳、硫化物的含量比其他区域高,但均符合《海洋沉积物质量》(GB 18668-2002)中的一类标准。不同调查区域沉积物Cu、Zn和有机碳的含量差异不显著(P>0.05),围栏中心养殖区沉积物硫化物含量显著高于对照区(P<0.05)。内梅罗综合评价结果表明,调查区域沉积物质量均为清洁或较清洁状态,沉积物质量符合海水养殖标准。沉积物Cu、Zn和硫化物未表现出明显的累积趋势,沉积物有机碳在本调查时间内有轻微累积的趋势,建议通过加强大黄鱼配合饲料的研发与应用,以缓解目前冰鲜鱼饵料大规模投入的状况,降低饵料系数,从而在一定水平上减轻有机质累积对沉积环境的污染。Far-reaching mariculture is an important way to relieve the pressure on the ecological environment of coastal waters, expand new space for mariculture in China, optimize the layout of the marine fishery industry, and promote the green and high-quality development of aquaculture. In recent years, moving the islands and reefs far away from the continental coastline as the early development sea area and the equipment-first behavior as the development characteristics of deep-sea aquaculture, China’s far-reaching mariculture has been preliminarily developed. Combined with China’s sea areas, sea conditions, breeding varieties, and market demand, the independent and innovative large-scale engineering fence facility breeding model of Pseudosciaena crocea has been successful. In order to evaluate the sediment status in the sea area of the large-scale fenced large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea) in the deep-sea, the regional distribution, content change, and pollution level of Cu, Zn, organic carbon, sulfide and other indicators in the sediments of the surveyed sea area were analyzed. These parameters were evaluated through four investigations in the fenced culture area, peripheral area of the fence, peripheral area of the cage, and control area of L. crocea, in different culture periods, and the Nemerow index was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of sediments in the surveyed sea area. The results showed that the Cu content in the sediments varied from 15~33 mg/kg;the Zn content varied from 80~137 mg/kg;the organic carbon content varied from 0.14%~1.90%;and the sulfide content varied from 0.3~128.0 mg/kg. The contents of organic carbon and sulfide in the sediments in the fenced culture area were higher than those in other areas,however, they all met the first class of marine sediment quality standards(GB18668-2002). There was no significant difference in the contents of Cu, Zn, and organic carbon in the sediments of the different investigation areas(P>0.05), and the content of sulfide in the sediments of

关 键 词：深远海 围栏 大黄鱼 沉积物质量 

分 类 号：S967.9[农业科学—水产养殖]