二审和解协议与生效判决效力冲突的程序处理机制——以既判力理论及债的变动为分析视角  

Procedural Mechanism for the Conflict between the Second Instance Settlement Agreement and the Effective Judgment——From the Perspective of Analysis of Res Judicata and Variation in Debt

作　　者：叶纯吉 Ye Chunji(Law School,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律学院,上海201600

出　　处：《天津法学》2022年第3期60-71,共12页Tianjin Legal Science

摘　　要：生效给付判决具备实体法上债的性质,当事人依法达成合意生效后对当事人具有约束力,未经司法审查不具有执行力。在一方当事人履行或部分履行和解协议,另一方当事人申请执行一审生效判决时,和解协议及生效判决效力发生冲突,在程序上按执行异议及再审程序难以协调,学界提出方案不一。和解协议按债之变动理论可将其分为债之变更型、债之更新型、债之增加型、代物清偿型、新债清偿型及以物抵债型等不同类型,构建程序处理机制须根据既判力理论剖析“新事实”的真正内涵,厘清不同类型和解协议的构成要件及法律效果,以此对其程序处理机制进行类型化构建。An effective prestation judgment has the nature of debt in the context of substantive law.The parties concerned have the right to dispose it so as to come into a settlement agreement,which will have the binding force against the parties concerned once it takes effect but has no executive power if it has not undergone a judicial review.In the event where one party concerned fully or partially performs the settlement agreement,whereas the other party concerned applies for execution of the effective first-instance judgment,“public-and-private plan”coexist.As a consequence,the conflict of validity between the public plan and the private plan is hard to be coordinated by following either the procedure of dissenting action of execution or the retrial procedure.Concerning the above problem,different solutions are put forward in the academic field.According to the theory of variation in debt,the settlement agreement can be divided into different types,such as novation,increasement of debt,datio in solutum,new debt repayment and paying-a-debt-in-kind-assets.Construction of procedural mechanism should be based on the interpretation of“new facts”on the basis of res judicata and clarification of the constitutive requirements and legal effects of different types of settlement agreement,so as to build a typology of its procedural mechanism.

关 键 词：二审和解协议 债的变动 债务人异议之诉 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]