跨通道语义启动对视觉注意的影响  

The Modulation of Crossmodal Semantic Priming on Visual Attention

作　　者：郑晓丹 岳珍珠 Zheng Xiaodan;Yue Zhenzhu(Department of Psychology,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,510006)

机构地区：[1]中山大学心理学系,广州510006

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第6期1329-1336,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31470978);中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(22wklj04)的资助。

摘　　要：采用生活中的真实客体,考察了跨通道语义相关性对视觉注意的影响以及跨通道促进的时程。结合启动范式和点探测范式,实验1发现在听觉启动600ms后,被试对高相关视觉刺激的反应比对低相关刺激的反应更快,而在视觉启动下没有发现启动效应。实验2发现在启动刺激呈现900ms后跨通道启动效应消失。研究证明了基于先前经验的视、听语义相关能够促进视觉的选择性注意。It is one of the most important abilities for human beings to make some predictions based on prior experience and to act accordingly.Previous studies reveal that prior experience stored in long-term memory could affect attention.In the real world,information usually comes from multiple sensory modalities,and attention may shift from the information in one sensory modality to the information in another modality.Previous studies support that there exists both spatial-based and object-based crossmodal attention.The present study aims to explore whether prior experience can guide visual selective attention crossmodally.By adopting prime stimuli from both the same and different modalities,we are also interested in the difference between intra-modal and crossmodal semantic priming on the modulation of visual selective attention.In the present study,a priming paradigm and a dot probe paradigm were combined to examine the effect of prior experience on crossmodal selective attention.In Experiments 1 and 2,a visual or auditory prime stimulus was presented,which was highly relevant to only one visual cue in the dot probe task.After the prime stimuli,a dot probe task was adopted,in which two visual cues were presented at two opposite positions on the screen(left or right).After two visual cues disappeared,a visual probe was presented at one of the cue positions.The visual probe was three dots aligned in one line vertically or horizontally,and participants were required to discriminate the orientation of the probe stimulus.To investigate the time course of crossmodal priming on selective attention,the stimulus onset asynchrony(SOA)between the prime stimulus and the cue was 600 ms in Experiment 1,whereas 900 ms in Experiment 2.Thus,a 2×2 within-participants design was adopted with the following two variables:modality of prime stimuli(visual vs.auditory modality)and cue type(high-relevant vs.low-relevant to the prime stimulus).The results of Experiment 1 show that under the condition of auditory-visual crossmodal priming,the p

关 键 词：跨通道启动 注意 先前经验 自然物体 点探测 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]