高感觉寻求者对危险意义声音的自动加工优势:N1、P2和MMN的证据  

Automatic Processing Advantages of High Sensation Seekers for Risk Sounds:Evidence from N1、P2 and MMN

作　　者：汤舒俊 郑阳 贺金波[2] Tang Shujun;Zheng Yang;He Jinbo(School of Marxism,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang,330022;Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior,Ministry of Education,School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,430079)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学马克思主义学院,南昌330022 [2]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第6期1344-1351,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BKS217);华中师范大学社科基金重大培育项目(CCNU19Z02009)的资助。

摘　　要：Zuckerman关于感觉寻求特质的唤醒理论认为,高感觉寻求者为提高其大脑唤醒,会不惜以冒险方式来寻求高强度、变化、新异和复杂的刺激经验。既往研究已经证实了高感觉寻求者对高强度的、变化的和新奇的刺激材料的认知加工偏向,但尚缺乏来自复杂的和具有危险意义刺激材料的研究证据。我们运用反转Oddball实验范式,以听觉N1、P2和MMN为ERPs指标,系统比较了高、低感觉寻求者对危险意义声音的自动唤醒、注意偏向和特征探测这三个方面的认知加工差异。结果发现,高感觉寻求者的N1、P2和MMN波幅均显著大于低感觉寻求者。结果表明,高感觉寻求者对危险意义声音产生了更高的唤醒水平、注意偏向和特征探测自动加工优势,这些优势可能是其偏于冒险行为的认知神经机制。Sensation seeking is a trait which describes the individual’s pursuit of changeable,novel,complex and intense sensory experience.Compared with the low sensation seekers,the high sensation seekers are more likely to engage in high-risk activities to pursue these sensory stimuli.Because high sensation seeking can predict misbehaviors and crimes in teenagers,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the cognitive neural mechanism of sensation seeking.Some of the existing studies have partially confirmed Zuckerman’s theory of sensation seeking,showing that high sensation seekers are more sensitive to the intensity and changes of stimuli.However,there is a lack of report using materials directly related to risk-taking behaviors to explore the perceptual processing of high sensation seekers.Therefore,it is unable to investigate the cognitive neural processing mechanism of high sensation seeking to risk stimuli.According to Zuckerman’s theory of sensation seeking and the optimal arousal level,high sensation seekers should have cognitive processing advantages on risk stimuli with neural sensitivity,causing this kind of stimuli more effectively improve their cortical arousal level to the optimal state.In the previous studies,high sensation seekers also showed risk-taking behavior bias,which should be based on the advantage of early automatically perceptual processing.Therefore,the present study focused on the difference between high and low sensation seekers in automatic processing of risk sounds.In this study,a total of 19 high sensation seekers and 18 low sensation seekers were recruited as participants.Passive auditory oddball reversal paradigm was used to examine the early processing differences between individuals with different sensation seeking levels.The sound materials in the experiment were self-made risk sounds(by guns,explosion and emergency brakes)and neutral sounds(by chickens,ducks and geese).Continuous EEG was recorded when participants were receiving oddball and control blocks.I

关 键 词：高感觉寻求者 危险意义声音 自动加工优势 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B842.2[哲学宗教—基础心理学]