中国情境下的行为剖图假说:来自学生样本的证据  

Behavioral Profiles in Collectivism in China:Evidence from Students

作　　者：陈晶[1,2] 任孝鹏 Chen Jing;Ren Xiaopeng(Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100039)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100039

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第6期1422-1427,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新冠肺炎疫情对内群体偏爱和外群体排斥的影响及机制研究”(20BSH142)和“中国科学院战略性先导科技专项”(XDA27000000)的资助。

摘　　要：联结松散的行为剖图解释集体主义的不同面向在个体间不存在相关性而个体内存在跨时间一致性这一现象。为了证明该现象同样适用于中国被试,研究1从广东省某一高中抽取了404名高中生,采用图片分类任务、框架直线任务、自我膨胀任务、归因任务、“亲亲性”任务和集体主义量表任务,证实了个体间不存在相关性。研究2通过电子调查问卷收集了708人(主要为山东省内在读专科/本科大学生)的数据,并在三个月后通过重测获得了其中131人的第二次数据,采用自我包括他人任务、图片分类任务、归因任务和“亲亲性”任务,得到了个体间不存在相关性而个体内存在一致性这一结果。这表明行为剖图假说同样适用于中国被试。According to previous studies,the correlations between measures of individualism and collectivism at individual level seem to be negligible;however,within-person variability was found to be cross-temporally stable,thus calling into question the unitary construct of collectivism.Researchers conceptualized individual differences through the lens of behavioral profile,which suggests that collectivism might consist of loosely connected,cross-temporally stable subdomains.Previous studies in this field were mostly conducted in western cultures such as America and Canada,and only interindividual variability was examined in Japan,representing eastern cultures.Similar to Japan,China is an interdependent-culture in East Asia.Herein,we proposed that behavioral profile hypothesis could also find its support in Chinese culture.We replicated previous studies,obtaining the consistent results.Study 1 was a cross-sectional study,which included 404 students from a senior high school who participated in a paper-pencil test,consisting of following 6 cultural tasks:triad task,Framed Line Task,self-inflation scale,attribution task,loyalty/nepotism task,and Van de Vliert’s collectivism scale.The results showed negligible or very low correlations(mean r=.072)across these tasks.Study 2,which was a longitudinal study with two time portions(time 1 and time 2),included 708 participants who filled out an online questionnaire in the first portion of the study.The questionnaire included 4 cultural tasks:inclusion of other in the Self Scale,triad task,attribution task and loyalty/nepotism task.The obtained results were in line with those obtained in Study 1,where the mean correlation was.05.Among these 708 participants,131 were included in the second portion and after 3 months and they filled out the same questionnaire on line,after which the test-retest analysis was made based on the data collected from 131 participants at time 1 and time 2.The size of test-retest correlations was moderate(.327<r<.515),except for one task with correlation co

关 键 词：文化差异 个体差异 个体主义 集体主义 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]