基于超声效应与HPLC分析核桃不同部位多酚含量及组成  

Analyzing the change of polyphenol content and composition of different parts of walnut based on ultrasound effect combined with HPLC

作　　者：王纪辉 何佳丽 耿阳阳 刘亚娜 张时馨 胡伯凯 梁美 谭化美 WANG Jihui;HE Jiali;GENG Yangyang;LIU Yana;ZHANG Shixin;HU Bokai;LIANG Mei;TAN Huamei(Guizhou Institute of Walnut(Guizhou Academy of Forestry),Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省核桃研究所(贵州省林业科学研究院),贵阳550005

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2022年第5期55-64,共10页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：贵州省基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础[2019]1184号);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]重点014号);国家自然科学基金资助项目(3186030247);贵州省木本粮油加工科技创新人才团队项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]5003);贵州省林业局青年人才基金项目(黔林科合J字[2019]13号);贵州省核桃工程技术研究中心项目(黔科合平台人才[2019]5202号)。

摘　　要：为充分有效利用核桃副产物,实现核桃全资源利用,以核桃叶、枝条、青皮、雄花为研究对象,分别以不同料液比、处理时间、乙醇浓度、处理温度和超声功率提取多酚,分析核桃不同部位多酚含量响应变化;采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对4种核桃副产物中多酚类物质种类进行鉴定并定量分析;借助扫描电镜(SEM)对核桃副产物微观结构进行观察。结果表明:4种核桃副产物因组织结构差异,多酚得率随各影响因素的增大其响应变化有所不同,但整体而言响应变化较为相似;在较优浸提条件下,核桃叶、枝条、青皮和雄花多酚得率分别为(59.56±1.23)、(35.42±0.98)、(34.25±2.01)和(32.26±1.56)mg·g^(-1);在相同溶剂浸提条件下,多酚得率由高到低依次为核桃叶、核桃枝条、核桃青皮、核桃雄花。HPLC法从4种核桃副产物中共鉴定出7种单体酚,分别为没食子酸、绿原酸、对香豆酸、芦丁、槲皮素、儿茶素和丁香酸,核桃叶单体酚种类最多的5种为没食子酸、绿原酸、对香豆酸、芦丁、槲皮素,核桃枝条鉴定出的4种单体酚为没食子酸、儿茶素、绿原酸、丁香酸,青皮与雄花鉴定出的3种单体酚分别为没食子酸、丁香酸、槲皮素与没食子酸、绿原酸、芦丁;超声处理后核桃副产物表面组织不完整、结构较为松散,表面组织存在大量孔隙,有利于多酚物质渗出而进入浸提溶剂中。综上,这一研究在拓宽核桃副产物加工利用途径的同时也为提取农产品副产物中生物活性成分提供了参考。In order to make full use of walnut by-products and realize the utilization of all walnut resources,walnut leaves,branches,green rind and male flowers were used as the research object.Firstly,polyphenol was extracted by different solid to liquid ratio,treatment time,ethanol concentration,treatment temperature and ultrasound power,and the response changes of polyphenol content at different parts of walnut was analyzed;Secondly,the types of polyphenol in four walnut by-products were identified and quantitatively analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC);Finally,the microstructure of walnut by-product after treatment was observed by SEM.The results showed that the response change of polyphenol yield of 4 walnut by-products was different with the increase of influencing factors,due to tissue structure differences,but the response change was relatively similar on a whole;Under optimal conditions,polyphenol yield of the leaves,branches,green husk and male flowers of walnut was(32.26±1.56),(59.56±1.23),(35.42±0.98)and(34.25±2.01)mg·g^(-1),respectively.The polyphenol yield of the male flowers was(32.26±1.56)mg·g^(-1);Under the same solvent immersion,walnut leaves polyphenol yield>walnut branches>walnut green husk>walnut male flowers;7 kinds of monophenol identified in walnut by-products by HPLC were gallic acid,chlorogenic acid,p-coumaric acid,rutinum,quercetin,catechin,and syringate,5kinds of monophenol in walnut leaves were gallic acid,chlorogenic acid,p-coumaric acid,rutinum,quercetin,4kinds of monophenol in walnut branches were gallic acid,catechin,chlorogenic acid and syringate,and 3kinds of monophenol in both green rind and male flowers were gallic acid,syringate,quercetin,and gallic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutinum;After ultrasound treatment,the walnut by-products surface tissue were incomplete and loose in structure,and had a large number of pores in the surface structure,which was conducive to seep into the immersion solvent of polyphenols.The results could broaden the processing and utilizati

关 键 词：核桃 超声效应 高效液相色谱法 多酚 组成 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]