不同骨质下种植体长度对下颌无牙颌固定修复影响的三维有限元分析  

Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of Implant Length under Different Bone Quality on Fixed Restoration of Edentulous Mandible

作　　者：杨聪 张昊 胡图强 YANG Cong;ZHANG Hao;HU Tu-qiang(Department of Stomatology,Renmin Hospital,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]十堰市人民医院·湖北医药学院附属人民医院口腔科,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《湖北医药学院学报》2022年第6期609-613,共5页Journal of Hubei University of Medicine

摘　　要：目的:应用三维有限元分析法分析下颌无牙颌固定修复中不同骨质下种植体长度对周围骨组织生物力学的影响,为种植支持式全口固定修复方案的制定提供参考。方法:选取一无牙颌下颌骨锥形束CT数据,建立Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类骨质的下颌无牙颌种植固定修复有限元模型,分为长种植体组(10.0 mm)和短种植体组(6.0 mm),在双侧后牙区施加150 N斜向载荷,比较分析不同模型的骨应力骨应变分布。结果:⑴所有模型的骨应力均集中在皮质骨区;Ⅰ、Ⅱ及Ⅲ、Ⅳ类骨的骨应变分别集中在皮质骨区及松质骨区。⑵所有模型随着骨质的减弱最大骨应力骨应变增加,且在Ⅳ类骨中增加明显。⑶与长种植体组相比,不同骨质中短种植体组骨应力均未明显增加,而在Ⅳ类骨中最大骨应变明显增加并超过骨弹性阈值。结论:下颌无牙颌种植固定修复中,骨质条件对预后的影响至关重要;对于垂直骨量不足而骨质较好者,应用短种植体设计是一种较好的选择。Objective Three dimensional finite element analysis was used to analyze the biomechanical effects of different implant lengths under different bone quality on the surrounding bone tissues in mandibular edentulous fixed prostheses,so as to provide reference for the formulation of implant supported full mouth fixed prostheses.Methods The cone-beam CT data of an edentulous mandible were selected,and the finite element model of edentulous mandibular implant fixed restoration of classⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣwas established.The model was divided into long implant group(10.0 mm)and short implant group(6.0 mm).A 150 N oblique load was applied to the bilateral posterior tooth area to compare and analyze the bone stress and strain distribution of different models.Results⑴The bone stress of all models was concentrated in the cortical bone area;the bone strain of ClassⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣbone was concentrated in cortical bone area and cancellous bone area respectively.⑵In all models,the maximum bone stress and bone strain increased with the weakening of bone quality,and the increase was obvious in typeⅣbone.⑶Compared with the long implant group,the bone stress of the medium and short implant groups of different bone types did not increase significantly,while the maximum bone strain increased significantly and exceeded the threshold of bone elasticity in typeⅣbone.Conclusion In the fixed implant restoration of the edentulous mandible,the bone quality is very important to the prognosis;for those with insufficient vertical bone mass and good bone quality,the short implant design is a better choice.

关 键 词：种植体长度 骨质类型 无牙颌 种植 有限元分析 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]