花生不同遗传背景下的花生芽产出系数比较  

Comparison of Peanut Sprout Output Coefficients Under Different Peanut Genetic Backgrounds

作　　者：李爽[1] 张小军[1] 王平 徐永菊 侯睿[1] 朱勋路 刘行[1] 张相琼[1] 岳福良[1] 李文均[1] 张小红[1] LI Shuang;ZHANG Xiaojun;WANG Ping;XU Yongju;HOU Rui;ZHU Xunlu;LIU Xing;ZHANG Xiangqiong;YUE Fuliang;LI Wenjun;ZHANG Xiaohong(Industrial Crops Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610300;Sichuan Xinshengqihang Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所,成都610300 [2]四川新生启航农业科技有限公司,成都610000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第31期17-23,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：四川省财政自主创新专项“特色多抗花生资源及新品种选育应用”(2022ZZCX075);四川省科技厅重点研发项目“突破性油料育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育”(2021YFYZ0018)。

摘　　要：选取来自全国各地的不同遗传背景花生材料,对其进行性状统计和发芽实验,以期找到花生发芽产量与生物性状之间的关系,为创制更适宜花生芽产业化的材料提供参考。选取普通、红色、黑色和白色4种种皮颜色的材料127份,材料来自西南地区、华中地区、华东地区、华南地区和华北地区5个地区,种植后考种测定其百仁重、植株高度、单株生产力,并在植物工厂里发芽,比较发芽8天后花生芽的芽长、芽重系数等,并计算产出系数。结果表明,127份花生材料芽长差异显著,极值之间相差7.75 cm,芽长在12~13 cm之间的材料最多,占总数的26.77%;花生芽的芽重系数极值相差7.85倍,差异显著,平均芽重系数4.62。产出系数最高的为YY40号普通色花生,产出系数达到8.24。产出系数在7以上的均为产量性状比值大于1的材料,占总数的4.72%。颜色和产区对花生芽产出系数的影响不显著。随着花生百仁重增大,花生芽的产出系数逐渐降低,但不同遗传背景的花生芽重系数与产出系数差异很大,百仁重高的花生中依然有芽重系数与产出系数较高的材料,而百仁重低的花生中依然有芽重系数与产出系数较低的材料。To find out the relationship between the germination yield and biological traits and create more suitable materials for peanut sprout industrialization,this study conducted character statistics and germination experiments on nationwide peanut materials with different genetic backgrounds.A total of 127 peanut materials with different genetic backgrounds,including four testa color materials from five regions of China,were selected to measure the 100-kernel weight,plant height and yield per plant after planting.After 8 days of germination in plant factory,the sprout height,weight coefficient and sprout output coefficient were calculated and compared.The results showed that the 127 peanut materials with different genetic backgrounds had significant differences of 7.75 cm at maximum in sprout height.The sprout height of most varieties was 12-13 cm,accounting for 26.77% of total samples.The extreme value of sprout weight coefficient had a significant difference of 7.85 times,and the average sprout weight coefficient was 4.62.The highest sprout output coefficient detected was 8.24 in YY40 ordinary peanut.The materials with sprout output coefficient above 7displayed yield ratio greater than 1,accounting for 4.72% of the total.According to the sprout output coefficient analysis with different colors,regions and 100-kernel weight,we found that color and region had no significant effect on the sprout output coefficient.The sprout output coefficient decreased gradually with the increase of the 100-kernel weight,but there was a great difference among peanut varieties with different genetic backgrounds.However,high coefficient of sprout weight and output were still observed in high 100-kernel weight varieties,and vice versa.

关 键 词：花生 植物工厂 花生芽 芽重系数 产出系数 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]