传统铜化合物制备实验教学的重新设计  

Redesign of Copper Compounds-Based Traditional Inorganic Synthesis Experiment

作　　者：王志飞[1] 陈金喜[1] 姜勇[1] Wang Zhifei;Chen Jinxi;Jiang Yong(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing,211189)

机构地区：[1]东南大学化学化工学院,南京211189

出　　处：《化学通报》2022年第12期1523-1529,共7页Chemistry

基　　金：2021年江苏省高等学校重点教材项目资助。

摘　　要：如何结合新时代大学生核心素养培养,特别是化学学科核心素养内涵的新要求,对传统基础无机化学实验进行重新设计与改进显得十分必要。本文以传统的铜盐制备实验为基础,重新设计了一个包括产物合成、性质鉴定及成分分析在内的综合性实验。该实验以碱式碳酸铜为原料,合成了两种化合物:醋酸铜与氟硼酸二(N,N-二乙基乙二胺)合铜。通过这两种化合物的对比制备,加深学生对无机盐合成方法,特别是其中涉及的结晶过程的理解,夯实其基本实验技能。同时,利用化合物的颜色变化,特别是配合物热致变色实验,强化他们对晶体场理论的认识。此外,将碘量法这一传统滴定分析方法融入原料碱式碳酸铜的组成分析中,使该实验成为一个集无机与分析于一体的综合实验。上述改进将有利于培养学生科研思维与创新能力,特别适合低年级本科生开设。It is necessary to design and make an improvement on the traditional inorganic chemistry experiment in combination with the requirement on new talent cultivation mode(especially for discipline of chemistry) of modern university student. Herein, we designed a copper salt based-comprehensive experiment, which includes synthesis of two copper compounds(copper acetate and bis(N,N-diethylethylenediamine) copper(II) tetrafluoroborate) with basic copper carbonate as the starting material, property identification and the composition analysis. By comparing their preparation procedure, students can deepen their understanding of recrystallization technology widely used in the preparation of inorganic salts and further consolidate their basic experimental skills. Meanwhile, with the thermochromic property experiment, students can improve their understanding of crystal-field theory. In addition, iodimetry, a traditional titration method, is incorporated into the composition analysis of basic copper carbonate, which makes the experiment become a comprehensive experiment that integrates the synthesis chemistry and analysis chemistry. Therefore, these improvements in experiment will be beneficial for training the students’ ability of innovation, and the designed experiment is expected to be completed in 8 class hours, which is especially suitable for junior undergraduate students.

关 键 词：碱式碳酸铜 醋酸铜 氟硼酸二(N N-二乙基乙二胺)合铜 热致变色 

分 类 号：G642.423[文化科学—高等教育学] TQ131.21-4[文化科学—教育学]