环境因子对苜蓿干燥过程中营养物质的影响  

Effect of Environmental Factors on Nutrients in Alfalfa Drying Process

作　　者：刘丽英[1] 常春[2] 刘红梅[1] 范文强 贾玉山 尹强[2] LIU Li-ying;CHANG Chun;LIU Hong-mei;FAN Wen-qiang;JIA Yu-shan;YIN Qiang(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science,Hohhot 010010,China;Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Hohhot 010010,China;College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation,Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院/农业农村部饲草栽培、加工及高效利用重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第12期55-63,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系鄂尔多斯综合试验站(CARS-34);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所1610332020016)。

摘　　要：测定不同温度、空气湿度、太阳辐射强度和风速下紫花苜蓿干燥速率、叶绿素含量、营养物质和相对饲用价值(RFV),明确苜蓿营养物质对环境因子的响应机制,以期为我国北方地区优质苜蓿干草生产提供技术支持。结果表明:(1)温度、光照强度和风速因子参数值分别在15~27℃、200~350 W/m^(2)、1.5~3.1 km/h范围内与干燥速率呈正相关,空气湿度在35%~50%范围内与干燥速率呈负相关。(2)温度、风速等因子参数值分别在15~27℃、1.5~2.2 km/h范围内与干草叶绿素含量呈正相关,光照强度、空气湿度和风速等因子参数值分别在200~350 W/m^(2)、35%~50%、2.2~3.1 km/h范围内与干草叶绿素含量呈负相关。(3)温度、光照强度、风速等因子参数值分别在15~27℃、200~350 W/m^(2)、1.5~2.2 km/h范围内与干草CP含量、RFV值呈正相关,与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量呈负相关,空气湿度和风速等因子参数值分别在35%~50%、2.2~3.1 km/h范围内与干草CP含量、RFV值呈负相关,与DNF、ADF含量呈正相关。(4)通过各环境因子对苜蓿干燥速率、叶绿素损失率和各营养指标的综合评定得出,苜蓿晾晒的适宜日均环境参数为气温27℃、光照强度350 W/m^(2),空气湿度35%,风速2.2 km/h。In this experiment,the drying rate,chlorophyll content,nutrients and relative feeding value(RFV)of alfalfa under different temperature,air humidity,light intensity and wind speed were measured,to clarify the response mechanism of alfalfa nutrients to environmental factors in order to provide technical support for the production of high quality alfalfa hay in northern China.The results show that:(1)The parameters of temperature,light intensity and wind speed were positively correlated with the drying rate in the range of 15~27℃,200~350 W/m^(2),1.5~3.1 km/h,respectively,there was a negative correlation between air humidity and drying rate in the range of 35%~50%.(2)The parameters of temperature and wind speed were positively correlated with the change of hay chlorophyll content in the range of 15~27℃and 1.5~2.2 km/h,respectively,while the light intensity,air humidity and wind speed were negatively correlated with the change of hay chlorophyll content in the range of 200~350 W/m^(2),35%~50%,and 2.2~3.1 km/h,respectively.(3)The parameter of temperature,solar intensity and wind speed were positively correlated with crude protein(CP)and RFV of hay in the range of 15~27℃,200~350 W/m^(2),1.5~2.2 km/h,respectively,and negatively correlated with the content of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF).The air humidity and wind speed were negatively correlated with CP and RFV of hay in the range of 35%~50%and 2.2~3.1 km/h,respectively,and positively correlated with the content of NDF and ADF.(4)Through the comprehensive evaluation of the effects of various environmental factors on alfalfa drying rate,chlorophyll loss rate and the loss rate nutrient indicators(CP,NDF,ADF,RFV),it was concluded that the suitable daily average environmental parameters for alfalfa drying were:air temperature 27℃,light intensity 350 W/m^(2),air humidity 35%,and wind speed 2.2 km/h.

关 键 词：苜蓿 干草调制 环境因素 叶绿素 营养品质 

分 类 号：S816.52[农业科学—饲料科学]