化肥施用对土壤养分迁移及普洱茶品质的影响  

Effect of fertilizer application on soil nutrient migration and quality of Pu’er tea

作　　者：张好 董春雨 孟令宇 任丽娟 李嘉琦 张乃明[1,2] 包立 ZHANG Hao;DONG Chunyu;MENG Lingyu;REN Lijuan;LI Jiaqi;ZHANG Naiming;BAO Li(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Engineering Laboratory of Soil Fertility and Pollution Remediation,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《磷肥与复肥》2022年第10期46-50,共5页Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“区域尺度的茶园化肥减施增效技术环境效应评价”(2016YFD0201208-2)。

摘　　要：为解决普洱茶化肥施用平衡问题,探究不同施肥处理对土壤养分迁移和茶叶品质的影响。结果表明:与常规施肥(T1)相比,缓释肥替代30%化肥处理(T3)土壤w(速效磷)下降了35.15%,w(碱解氮)增加了24.37%;在整个施肥周期内缓释肥替代20%化肥处理(T2)和T3处理与T1相比,地表水w(全氮)、w(全磷)均处于较低水平,与T1相比w(全氮)分别减少了71.4%、68.6%,w(全磷)分别减少了98.7%和94.8%;与T1相比,T3处理能够使茶叶中氨基酸、茶多酚、可溶性糖等品质指标维持在一个较高且稳定的范围内。因此,缓释肥替代30%化肥是当前较为适合勐海县茶园的施肥技术。In order to solve the problem of chemical fertilizer application balance of Pu’er tea, the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nutrient migration and tea quality are explored. The results show that:Compared with conventional fertilization treatment(T1), the soil available phosphorus in T3 treatment which 30%of fertilizer replaced by slow release fertilizer is decreased by 35.15%, and the alkaline nitrogen is increased by24.37%;Compared with T1, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations of surface water in the T2(20%of fertilizer replaced by slow release fertilizer)and T3 treatments are at a low level, the total nitrogen are decreased by 71.4% and 68.6%, while the total phosphorus are decreased by 98.7% and 94.8%;Compared with T1, T3 is able to maintain the quality indicators of amino acids, tea polyphenols and soluble sugars in tea in a high and stable range. Therefore, 30% of fertilizer replaced by slow release fertilizer is currently more suitable for the fertilization technology of tea garden of Menghai country.

关 键 词：缓释肥 施肥模式 茶叶品质 养分迁移 减施增效 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]