沙枣胶/枯茗醛复合涂膜对番茄采后红粉病的抑制作用及机制  

Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Composite Coating Containing Oleaster Gum and Cuminal on Postharvest Pink Mold Rot of Tomatoes

作　　者：戴希爽 张忠[1] 毕阳[1] William Oyom 张志鹏 谢鹏东 DAI Xishuang;ZHANG Zhong;BI Yang;William Oyom;ZHANG Zhipeng;XIE Pengdong(College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《食品科学》2022年第23期187-193,共7页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32260582);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(21JR7RA807)。

摘　　要：红粉病是番茄果实主要的病害之一,采前采后均可发生,给番茄生产和贮运造成了较大损失。本实验研究枯茗醛对番茄红粉病病原真菌粉红单端孢(Trichothecium roseum Pers.Link)的体外抑制活性,并制备沙枣胶与枯茗醛复合涂膜‘千禧’樱桃番茄,果实经损伤接种后探究该涂膜对番茄红粉病的抑制作用及其对番茄果实抗性的影响。结果显示,枯茗醛在离体条件下能有效抑制T.roseum孢子萌发和菌丝生长,在0.1 μL/mL枯茗醛作用下,对菌落生长的抑制率达80%以上。在体内条件下,沙枣胶与枯茗醛复合涂膜能明显抑制果实上T.roseum菌体生长,延缓病斑扩展并降低番茄果实接种发病率,在贮藏第9天,质量浓度30 mg/mL沙枣胶与体积分数0.2%枯茗醛复合涂膜组病斑直径和发病率分别为对照组的36.7%和69.2%。复合涂膜可显著提高番茄果实接种前期H_(2)O_(2)含量,并显著提高果实贮藏期间过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶和4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶的活力,促进果实中总酚和类黄酮的积累。沙枣胶与枯茗醛复合涂膜能够有效抑制番茄采后红粉病的发生与发展,其作用机制不仅与枯茗醛抑制病原菌生长有关,还与诱导番茄果实增强抗性有关。Pink mold rot is one of the major diseases of tomatoes,which can occur before and after harvest,causing great losses in tomato production,storage and transportation.This study investigated the in vitro inhibitory effect of cuminal against Trichothecium roseum Pers.Link,the fungal pathogen causing pink mold rot of tomatoes.The inhibitory effect of a composite coating consisting of cuminal and oleaster gum on disease incidence in tomatoes artificially wounded and inoculated with T.roseum and the effect of the composite coating on disease resistance in tomato fruit were evaluated.The results showed that cuminal effectively inhibited the spore germination and mycelial growth of T.roseum under in vitro conditions,cuminal at a concentration of 0.1μL/mL inhibited colony growth by more than 80%.Under in vivo conditions,the composite coating significantly inhibited the growth of T.roseum on tomato fruit,delayed lesion expansion and reduced decay incidence.After9 days of storage,the lesion diameter and the decay incidence of the fruit treated with the composite coating containing30 mg/mL oleaster gum and 0.2%(V/V) cuminal were 36.7%and 69.2%of those in the control group,respectively.The composite coating effectively increased the H_(2)O_(2)content of tomato fruit during the early stage of storage,increased enzyme activities such as peroxidase (POD),phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL),and enhanced the accumulation of total phenols andfiavonoids in tomato fruit.These results suggest that the composite coating containing oleaster gum and cuminal can effectively inhibit the occurrence and development of postharvest pink mold rot of tomatoes,and its mechanism is not only related to the inhibition of pathogen growth by cuminal,but also to enhanced disease resistance in tomato fruit.

关 键 词：番茄 红粉病 沙枣胶 枯茗醛 抑制作用 抗性 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]