重庆市0~12岁儿童维生素D营养状况  

Analysis of vitamin D nutritional status among children aged 0 to 12 years in Chongqing

作　　者：王旭[1] 刘霞[2] 朱兰兰[1] 邓宇[1] 肖湘[1] 刘永[3] 刘峰[1] WANG Xu;LIU Xia;ZHU Lanlan;DENG Yu;XIAO Xiang;LIU Yong;LIU Feng(School of Clinical Medicine,Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College,Chongqing 401331,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆医药高等专科学校临床医学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆市妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [3]重庆医药高等专科学校护理学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第11期1638-1641,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：重庆市卫生健康委项目(2019MSXM016);重庆市高等职业技术教育研究会高等教育科学研究课题(GY201057)。

摘　　要：目的 了解重庆市0~12岁儿童维生素D营养状况,分析其维生素D缺乏(vitamin D deficiency, VDD)可能的影响因素。方法 随机抽取2019年1月至2021年12月于重庆市妇幼保健院进行规律儿童保健的0~6岁儿童1 877名和重庆市3所小学6~12岁学龄儿童707名,采集静脉血采用化学发光法检测血清25-(OH)-D水平,自行设计问卷并分析维生素D缺乏可能的影响因素。结果 儿童血清25-(OH)-D平均质量体积浓度为(39.9±9.1) ng/mL,VDD检出率为14.59%。不同年龄段、就诊时间、就诊季节、体型、户外活动时间和维生素D补充情况儿童VDD检出率(0~3, 4~6,7~12岁分别为14.73%,22.19%,10.47%;疫情前、疫情后分别为11.18%,17.08%;就诊季节春、夏、秋、冬分别为12.97%,10.65%,14.86%,21.33%;体型消瘦或正常、超重或肥胖分别为12.34%,26.13%;户外活动时间充足、不足分别为11.84%,16.27%;补充维生素D、未补充维生素D分别为11.71%,15.62%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为26.17,17.59,30.98,53.74,9.60,6.17,P值均<0.05)。体型消瘦或正常、户外活动时间充足和规律补充维生素D与儿童VDD均呈负相关[OR值(OR值95%CI)分别为0.68(0.55~0.84),0.57(0.25~0.77),0.62(0.44~0.85),P值均<0.05]。结论 重庆市学龄前及学龄儿童VDD检出率高,控制超重/肥胖、增加户外活动时间和口服维生素D制剂等群体防控策略可能改善维生素D缺乏情况。Objective To investigate the nutritional status and associated factors of vitamin D among children aged 0 to 12 years old in Chongqing. Methods From January 2019 to December 2021, 1 877 children aged 0-6 years who received regular child health care were randomly selected from Chongqing maternal and child health hospital, and 707 school-age children were also selected from three primary school in Chongqing for investigation. The serum sample were collected for detecting serum 25-(OH)-D level by chemiluminescence method, and the possible influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency(VDD) were analyzed. Results The average serum 25-(OH)-D concentration of children was(39.9±9.1) ng/mL with the positive rate of VDD was 14.59%. There were significant differences of VDD positive rate in different age, visiting time, visiting season, body shape, outdoor activity time and vitamin D supplementation(0-3 years old vs 4-6 years old vs 7-12 years old: 14.73% vs 22.19% vs 10.47%;visiting season: spring vs summer vs autumn vs winter: 12.97% vs 10.65% vs 14.86% vs 21.33%;pre COVID-19 epidemic vs post COVID-19 epidemic: 11.18% vs 17.08%;underweight or normal vs overweight or obesity: 12.34% vs 26.13%;adequate outdoor activity time vs inadequate: 11.84% vs 16.27%;regular vitamin D supplementation vs irregular vitamin D supplementation: 11.71% vs 15.62%)(χ^(2)=26.17, 17.59, 30.98, 53.74, 9.60, 6.17, P<0.05). Underweight or normal body weight, sufficient outdoor activities and regular vitamin D supplementation were associated with less vitamin D deficiency with OR(OR95%CI) at 0.68(0.55-0.84), 0.57(0.25-0.77) and 0.62(0.44-0.85)(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of VDD among preschool and school-age children is high in Chongqing. Integrated prevention and control strategies incluing overweight or obesity control, increasing outdoor activities and oral vitamin D supplements should be taken.

关 键 词：维生素D 营养状况 回归分析 维生素D缺乏 儿童 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R446