低位直肠癌术后造口相关并发症的防治  

Prevention and management of stoma-related complications after surgery for low rectal cancer

作　　者：顾晋[1,2,3,4] 杨勇 Gu Jin;Yang Yong(Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery III,Peking University Cancer Hospital&Institute,Beijing 100142,China;Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Peking University Shougang Hospital,Beijing 100144,China;Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China;Colorectal Cancer Centre of Peking University Shougang Hospital,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学肿瘤医院胃肠肿瘤三病区,北京100142 [2]北京大学首钢医院胃肠外科,北京100144 [3]北京大学医学部结直肠肿瘤与炎症性疾病精准诊治中心,北京100191 [4]北京大学首钢医院结直肠肿瘤诊疗中心,北京100144

出　　处：《中华胃肠外科杂志》2022年第11期955-960,共6页Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82073223);首都卫生发展科研专项(首发2020-1-6041)。

摘　　要：肠造口的相关技术是结直肠外科医生必须掌握的专业技能,预防低位直肠癌术后肠造口相关并发症的发生,对于患者的预后具有重要的临床意义。肠造口的早期并发症包括造口回缩、造口缺血坏死、造口水肿和周围皮肤炎等;远期并发症包括造口旁疝、造口狭窄和造口脱垂等。另外,少见或者容易忽视的造口癌、造口还纳困难和社会心理障碍等相关并发症也应该引起外科医生重视。有效减少肠造口并发症,可使患者获得更好的生活质量,也是结直肠外科医生对“以患者为中心”治疗理念的最佳诠释。The related technology of enterostomy is a professional skill that colorectal surgeons need to master,and it is clinically important to prevent the occurrence of enterostomy-related complications of low rectal cancer.The early complications of enterostomy include stoma retraction,stoma ischemic necrosis,stoma edema and peripheral dermatitis,and the long-term complications include parastomal hernia,stenosis and stoma prolapse.In addition,the rare or easily neglected stoma cancer,difficulty of stoma closure and following social psychological disorders should also be paid attention to by surgeons.Effective reduction of enterostomy complications can lead to better quality of life for patients,which is the best interpretation of the concept of"patient-centered ness"by colorectal surgeons.

关 键 词：直肠肿瘤 低位 腹会阴联合切除 结肠造口 并发症 

分 类 号：R735.37[医药卫生—肿瘤]