西部城乡0~3岁婴幼儿家庭早期教养现状的比较研究——基于甘肃定西、四川雅安的调查数据分析  

A Comparative study of the Status quo of Early Childhood Education in Families with Infants and Toddlers Aged 0-3 Years in Urban and Rural Areas of Western China

作　　者：杨朝军[1] YANG Chaojun(Ya’an Polytechnic College,Ya’an 625000)

机构地区：[1]雅安职业技术学院,雅安625000

出　　处：《早期儿童发展》2022年第4期22-34,共13页Early Childhood Development

基　　金：四川省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地——四川0~3岁儿童早期发展与教育研究中心课题“0~3岁婴幼儿父母亲职教育需求与对策研究”(项目编号:SCLS2022-26);雅安职业技术学院院级重点课题(项目编号:YZY2018SKA03)。

摘　　要：以西部城乡0~3岁婴幼儿家长为研究对象,通过发放问卷对家长早期教养观念、早期教养行为和早期教养指导需求三方面做了城乡现状调查及对比研究,发现城乡家长普遍存在重视婴幼儿知识的学习而轻习惯的养成,对子女受教育水平和职业期望较高,亲子互动质量不高等共性问题;而城区家长在对早期教育的认识、辅食添加和早教投入等方面比农村家长更趋合理,对早期教养指导需求的迫切程度也更高。从家长年龄、文化水平、收入水平和社会支持系统等方面对城乡家长早期教养存在的异同进行分析,提出通过加大宣传和多渠道学习优化家长教养认知,更新家长教养观念来提升其教养行为,多渠道完善家庭教养社会支持系统等具体措施。This study took parents of infants and toddlers aged 0 to 3 years old in urban and rural areas in the west as the target group,and conducted an urban-rural survey and comparative study through questionnaires on parents’concepts of early education,early education behavior and early education guidance needs.It was found that parents in both urban and rural areas generally attach importance to the learning of knowledge by infants and toddlers but not to the formation of habits,have higher expectations of their children’s education level and careers,and have low quality of parent-child interaction.Parents in urban areas are more rational than their rural counterparts in terms of awareness of early education,dietary supplements,and investment in early education,and have a higher urgency for early parenting guidance.The differences and similarities between urban and rural parents in terms of parents’age,education level,income level and social support systems are analyzed,and specific measures are proposed to optimize parenting knowledge through increased publicity and multi-channel learning,update parenting attitudes to improve parenting behavior,and improve the social support system for family parenting through multiple channels.

关 键 词：0~3岁婴幼儿 教养观念 教养行为 教养指导需求 

分 类 号：G616[文化科学—学前教育学]