隐性否定“才怪”的反意外功能和语用化路径——兼议反问与反事实在隐性否定上的语用分化  

Counter-mirativity and Pragmaticalization of the Implicit Negative Expression caiguai:Also on the Negation Disparity between Rhetorical Questions and Implicit Negation

作　　者：陈禹 Chen Yu

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学人文学院,430074 [2]华中科技大学国家语言文字推广基地,430074

出　　处：《汉语学报》2022年第4期85-94,共10页Chinese Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“现代汉语反意外标记的语用功能及其演化机制研究”(编号:21CYY029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“才怪”是现代汉语中一种隐性否定构式,来源于反事实条件句的结论,其语用功能莫衷一是。本文采用预期与意外学说的理论框架,通过对“才怪”构式的紧邻成分进行合取操作,发现反意外是其构式义的必要组成部分。借鉴反制约理论,我们可以描述反意外浮现的语用化路径,其中语用包装的机制发挥重要作用。同样是隐性否定,反问句与“才怪”对虚拟表达的相容性存在差异,关键因素在于语用滞留的分殊。Derived from the apodosis of Chinese counter-factual conditional sentences, caiguai is pragmatically controversial as an implicit negation construction. Under the framework of expectation theory and mirativity theory, this paper suggests that counter-mirativity is a basic part of the pragmatic meaning of caiguai through the logic conjunction of pragmatic function of its adjacent components. The emergence of counter-mirativity results from the pragmatic packaging that plays an important role in the pragmaticalization of caiguai. Rhetorical questions and caiguai are both implicit negations, but they differ in their compatibility with subjunctive expression because of their difference in the pragmatic persistence.

关 键 词：“才怪” 隐性否定 合取操作 反意外 语用化 语用包装 语用滞留 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]