CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术在肿瘤治疗中的研究进展  

Research Progress of CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing Technology in Cancer Therapy

作　　者：丁弈丹 陈晨[2] DING Yidan;CHEN Chen(China Medical University China Medical University-the Queen’s University of Belfast Joint College,Shenyang 110122,China;The Research Center for Medical Genomics,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology,National Health Commission of the PR China,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology,Ministry of Education of the PR China,School of Life Sciences,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学中国医科大学-贝尔法斯特女王大学联合学院,沈阳110122 [2]中国医科大学生命科学学院,医学基因组学教研室,国家卫健委细胞生物学重点实验室,教育部医学细胞生物学重点实验室,沈阳110122

出　　处：《激光生物学报》2022年第6期488-497,共10页Acta Laser Biology Sinica

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M670820)。

摘　　要：CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术具有简单、高效、针对性强的特点,可通过编辑DNA序列治疗一些难治的具有遗传基础的疾病,特别是癌症。近年来,此技术主要用于遗传修饰动物模型的制备与药物开发,现已进入癌症临床试验阶段,并获得喜人的成效,极具临床价值。本文对CRISPR-Cas9系统在肿瘤治疗中的研究进展,包括功能基因筛选、递送系统和免疫疗法等方面进行概述,探讨了其在临床转化中所面临的问题,并展望了发展前景,旨在为今后应用该技术进行肿瘤精准治疗提供参考。CRISPR-Cas9, which is characterized by simplicity, effectiveness and direct targeting, can be used to treat some incurable genetic diseases by editing DNA sequence. In recent years, CRISPR-Cas9 has entered cancer clinical trials and has been used to generate genetically modified animal models and develop drugs, which is of great clinical value. This paper reviews the CRISPR-Cas9 system and its application progress in tumor research, including CRISPR screens in the identification of personalized drug targets, delivery systems and adoptive cell therapy. The limitations and prospects of CRISPR-Cas9 in clinical therapy were also discussed, aiming to provide a reference for the future application of this technology for precise cancer therapy.

关 键 词：CRISPR-Cas9 肿瘤 递送系统 功能基因筛选 免疫治疗 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学] R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]