贵州万山汞矿区植物中汞的累积特征  

Bioaccumulation of mercury in plants collected from Wanshan mercury mining areas in Guizhou province

作　　者：陶惠 陈颖[2,3] 刘艳伟 梁勇 阴永光 蔡勇[1,2,3] TAO Hui;CHEN Ying;LIU Yanwei;LIANG Yong;YIN Yongguang;CAI Yong(Institute of Environment and Health,Jianghan University,Wuhan,430056,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,China;Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学环境与健康研究院,武汉430056 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境纳米技术与健康效应实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第12期4047-4056,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22006154)资助.

摘　　要：本研究对采集自贵州万山废弃汞冶炼作坊与废弃汞矿附近的土壤和植物样品进行总汞分析,旨在探究不同种类植物和植物组织中汞的蓄积能力和分布特征.本研究共采集菊科、禾本科和唇形科等植物77种,植物茎叶部分和根部样品共185个.结果表明,废弃汞冶炼作坊与废弃汞矿周围土壤汞浓度(1.8–224 mg·kg^(-1))显著高于贵阳市对照点(0.14–0.26 mg·kg^(-1));万山汞矿区采集的植物茎叶部分和根部总汞浓度范围分别为0.07–7.9 mg·kg^(-1)和0.06–28 mg·kg^(-1),显著高于对照点的同种植物茎叶部分和根部样品中总汞浓度(P<0.001).另外,草本植物和木本植物,以及菊科、禾本科和唇形科植物对汞的累积水平无明显差异(P>0.05).通过对同株植物的不同组织进行分析,发现植物茎叶部分和根部累积汞的能力存在差异,二者总汞浓度水平显著相关(R≥0.58,P<0.001),推测其与不同组织中汞的来源不同及植物体内汞转运有关.这些结果表明废弃汞冶炼作坊和废弃汞矿对周边植物的汞累积能力有显著影响,需重视废弃汞矿区的潜在生态风险.This study analyzed mercury(Hg)concentrations in soil and plant samples collected from one abandoned Hg smelting workshop and one abandoned Hg mine in Wanshan Hg mining areas,Guizhou province,aiming to investigate the Hg accumulation characteristics of different plants and the Hg distribution in plant tissues.A total of 185 plant samples(including shoots and roots)of 77 plant species were collected,such as Asteraceae,Poaceae,and Lamiaceae.Results showed that total Hg(THg)concentrations in soil collected from Wanshan Hg mining areas(1.8–224 mg·kg^(-1))were significantly higher than those in soil collected from the control site in Guiyang(0.14–0.26 mg·kg^(-1)).THg concentrations in plant shoots and roots from Wanshan Hg mining areas were 0.07–7.9 mg·kg^(-1)and 0.06–28 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,which were higher than those from the control site(P<0.001).No significant THg concentration differences were observed between herbaceous and woody plants(P>0.05),nor did among Asteraceae,Poaceae,and Lamiaceae species(P>0.05).THg concentrations varied in the root and shoot for the same plant,and THg concentrations in these plant tissues were significantly correlated(R≥0.58,P<0.001),which may be due to the different origins for Hg in different tissues and Hg transport within plants.These results suggested that the abandoned Hg smelting workshop and abandoned Hg mine have a substantial influence on Hg accumulation in plants,and the potential ecological risks posed by abandoned Hg mining areas deserve further attention.

关 键 词：汞 汞矿区 土壤 植物 生物累积 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]