纳尔逊·古德曼的隐喻思想及其认识论意蕴  

On Nelson Goodman’s Metaphor Theory and Its Epistemological Implication

作　　者：姬志闯[1] 时贤 Ji Zhichuang;Shi Xian(Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学哲学与公共管理学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期19-24,共6页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(20BZX095)。

摘　　要：从亚里士多德开始,对隐喻的关注和讨论已经持续了两千多年,并围绕概念和功能这两个核心问题给出了诸多阐释和描述。综观这些隐喻理论,无论是在本性界定还是功能阐释上都无法逃离“语言”的囿限,要么将其贬抑为一种纯粹装饰性的修辞格,要么不得不在“认知”功能上遗继传统的认识论困境。古德曼则在“构造世界”的独特视域内对隐喻进行了符号学重置,并作为符号的指称方式给出了创造性阐释。不仅通过一般符号理论和投射思想将其从“语言”中解放出来进而拓展到“非语言符号”,并因此重构了隐喻本身,也基于构造世界实践进程中对“理解”的推进重释了隐喻的认识功能,从而完成了从“知识”到“理解”的认识论重构。对隐喻和认识论的双重重构,也正是古德曼隐喻思想的深层意蕴和效应所在。People’s attention and discussion on metaphor have lasted for more than 2000 years since Aristotle,with many interpretations and descriptions emerging around its definition and function.Ihese theories on metaphor,either degrading it to a purely decorative figure of speech,or having to inherit the traditional epistemological dilemma in terms of its"cognitive"function,has never broken through the shackles of"language".But Nelson Goodman resets metaphor semantically from the unique perspective of"world-making",creatively interpreting it as a sign of reference.He has not only liberated metaphor from"language"and extended it to"nonverbal symbol"through general symbol theory and"project"thought,but also reinterpreted its cognitive function on the basis of the advancement of"understanding"in the process of world-making and thus complete the cpistemological reconstructing of metaphor from"knowledge"to"understanding".The dual reconstruction of metaphor and epistemology is where the deep implication and influence of Nelson Goodman’s metaphor theory lie.

关 键 词：纳尔逊·古德曼 隐喻 认识论 意蕴与效应 

分 类 号：B089[哲学宗教—哲学理论]