反事实的贫乏性与结构因果模型  

Counterfactual Triviality and Structural Causal Models

作　　者：吴小安 Xiaoan Wu(School of Marxism,Northwestern Polytechnical University;Major Public Information Research Center of Shaanxi Province)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学马克思主义学院 [2]西北工业大学陕西省舆情信息研究中心

出　　处：《逻辑学研究》2022年第6期28-48,共21页Studies in Logic

基　　金：supported by the National Social Science Fund Subsequent Funding Project of China (21FZXB040);the General Project of MOE (Ministry of Education) Foundation on Humanities and Social Sciences (21ХJC720002);Key (Key grant) Project of The National Social Science Fund of China (17ZDA024)。

摘　　要：威廉姆斯提出了反事实贫乏性问题。在本文中,我仔细考察了威廉姆斯的贫乏性结果所依赖的四个前提,并在结构因果模型的框架内,证明了这四个前提中的两个前提(CRT和CVPP)分别应用于两种不同类型的反事实条件句,所以在两个前提中所使用的P~A(C)并不等价,从而证明了威廉姆斯的贫乏性结果并不成立。J. Williams(2012) proposes a version of counterfactual triviality(CT). I carefully examine the four premises on which Williams’ CT relies. Within the framework of the Structural Causal Model(SCM), I show that two of them(CRT and CVPP) apply to two different types of counterfactuals respectively, so that the PA(C) of them is not equivalent, thus proving that Williams’ version of CT is not valid.

关 键 词：威廉姆斯 因果模型 反事实条件句 不等价 贫乏 前提 

分 类 号：B81-0[哲学宗教—逻辑学]