自然人为与人为自然:老子与亚里士多德自然生态观之比较  

Natural Man-made and Man-made Nature: A Comparative Study of the Natural Ecological Views of Laozi and Aristotle

作　　者：崔丽萍 CUI Li-ping(College of History,Culture and Tourism,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院历史文化与旅游学院,陕西宝鸡721013

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期18-25,共8页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences：Social Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省教育厅项目:青铜器与周秦文化(项目编号:2010JZ03)。

摘　　要：老子与亚里士多德的自然都不是自然物,也不是现代意义上的自然界,而是自然依据、自然动力、自然目的、自然法则和自然存在状态,两者的自然都具有整体性、贯穿性、涵盖性特征,包含了很强的生态学价值。其区别是老子的自然是道的存在状态,也是万物的运行法则,更加强调万物的整体性、自由性和平等性。而亚里士多德的自然是自然物的本质,也是自然物的运行法则,自然法则之上还有理性法则,更加强调人与非人事物的区别,以及分离基础上的整体和谐。前者注重自然人为,后者注重人为自然。The nature of Laozi and Aristotle is not a natural thing, nor is it a natural world in the modern sense, but a natural basis, natural motive, natural aim, natural law and natural state of existence. The nature of both is characterized by integrity, penetration and coverage, and contain strong ecological value. The difference between them is that Laozi’s nature is the state of existence of Tao and the operation law of all things, which emphasizes the integrity, freedom and equality of all things, while Aristotle’s nature is the essence of natural things and the operation law of natural things. On top of the natural law, there is a rational law, which emphasizes the difference between human and non-human things, as well as the overall harmony on the basis of separation. The former pays attention to natural man-made, while the latter pays attention to man-made nature.

关 键 词：老子 亚里士多德 自然 生态观 比较 

分 类 号：K225[历史地理—历史学] B22[历史地理—中国史]