‘东红’猕猴桃软腐病病原菌的分离鉴定及褪黑素对其控制效果  

Isolation and Identification of the Pathogens of‘East Red’Kiwifruit Soft Rot and Its Control Effect by Melatonin

作　　者：瞿光凡 王瑞 马超 雷霁卿 巴良杰 曹森 芈婷婷 龙芳 QU Guangfan;WANG Rui;MA Chao;LEI Jiqing;BA Liangjie;CAO Sen*;MI Tingting;LONG Fang(School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Guiyang College,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院食品与制药工程学院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第2期170-177,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2020]37-2号);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2019]4254号);2021年贵阳学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110976005)。

摘　　要：为明确‘东红’猕猴桃软腐病病原菌的种类及褪黑素对其的控制效果。以自然发病的‘东红’猕猴桃果实为试材,采用组织分离法对软腐病病原菌进行分离培养。对所分离得到的病原菌根据柯赫氏法则进行致病性检测,依据真菌形态学鉴定和rDNA-ITS序列分析对其进行鉴定,并研究不同浓度(0、100、300和500μmol/L)褪黑素对分离得到的两株病原菌的控制效果。结果表明,引起‘东红’猕猴桃贮藏期果实软腐病的主要致病菌为间座壳菌(Diaporthe phaseolorum)和葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea);褪黑素体外抑菌试验表明,其均能显著抑制这两种病原菌菌丝生长(P<0.05)。在培养5 d时,500μmol/L褪黑素对间座壳菌和葡萄座腔菌的抑制率分别为71.22%和63.34%;同时,褪黑素对损伤接种下软腐病病斑的扩展具有一定的控制效果。在损伤接种5 d时,500μmol/L褪黑素处理后接种间座壳菌和葡萄座腔菌的果实病斑直径分别仅为对照组的37.40%、45.50%。由此可见,褪黑素对‘东红’猕猴桃软腐病病原菌的控制具有潜在的应用价值。To clarify the species of the pathogens of soft rot of‘East Red’kiwifruit and the effect of melatonin on its control,using naturally disease‘East Red’kiwifruit as test material,the pathogenic bacteria of soft rot were isolated and cultured using a tissue isolation method.The pathogenic bacteria isolated were tested for pathogenicity according to Koch’s rule,and identified based on fungal morphological identification and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis.The effect of melatonin at different concentrations(0,100,300 and 500μmol/L)on the control of the two pathogenic strains isolated was also investigated.The results showed that Diaporthe phaseolorum and Botryosphaeria dothidea were the main pathogenic bacteria causing soft rot of‘East Red’kiwifruit during storage.The in vitro inhibition test showed that melatonin significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of both pathogens(P<0.05).At 5 d of incubation,the inhibition rates of500μmol/L melatonin were 71.22% and 63.34% for Diaporthe phaseolorum and Botryosphaeria dothidea,respectively.At the meanwhile,melatonin was effective in controlling the expansion of soft rot lesions under damage inoculation.At 5 d of damage inoculation,the diameter of fruit spots after the inoculation of Diaporthe phaseolorum and Botryosphaeria dothidea with 500μmol/L melatonin treatment was only 37.40% and 45.50% of the control group,respectively.It showed that melatonin had potential application value for the control of soft rot pathogens of‘East Red’kiwifruit.

关 键 词：‘东红’猕猴桃 软腐病 分离鉴定 褪黑素 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]