《公羊》学理念与司马迁对厉世政治的书写  

The Idea of Gongyang School and the Writing of Political Situation in the Period of King Li by Si-ma Qian

作　　者：范静静[1] FAN Jingjing(Advanced Institute for Confucian Studies,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《武陵学刊》2023年第1期116-122,共7页Journal of Wuling

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“多卷本《20世纪中国史学通史》”(17ZDA196)。

摘　　要：《史记·十二诸侯年表》以周厉王出奔次年为纪年之始,凸显了周厉王在《史记》叙事体系中的重要地位。司马迁之所以如此安排,是因为其在汉代《公羊》学“拨乱世而反诸正”及“大一统”尊王思想的影响下,希望仿照孔子修撰《春秋》的行为,在所撰史著中呈现出由乱达治的历史运动过程。司马迁在凸显周王室“天下共主”政治地位的同时,又不得不面对并忠实记录春秋以来周王室丧失上述地位的历史现实。为缓和观念与事实分离所形成的张力,司马迁又从西汉王朝承秦而来这一实际状况出发,将春秋战国时期僻居西陲的秦国列为《史记》十二本纪之一,以春秋以来秦国的纪年上接西周王年,从而在历史书写中倡导并践行了“以秦继周”的历史观。The Shi Ji’s annals started from the next year of King Li of Zhou’s leaving.This incident underlined the status of King Li of Zhou in Shi Ji.The reason that Si-ma Qian put King Li of Zhou on this status was that he was deeply affected by the Gongyang school in the Western Han Dynasty.Si-ma Qian wanted to compose a historical work that would reflect the process of historical movements which came from unrest to harmony,the way Confucius composed Chunqiu.Si-ma Qian had to face and record the historical reality that the Zhou royal family had lost the political status of“co-ruler of the world”since the Spring and Autumn period.Si-ma Qian combined historical facts,and placed Qin into the Benji of Shi Ji.This incident represented the historical view that the Qin State inherited the Western Zhou.

关 键 词：《史记》 《公羊》学 厉世政治 以秦继周 大一统 

分 类 号：K204[历史地理—历史学]