轮对和轨道结构底部柔性对桥梁结构噪声的影响  

Effect of Wheelset and Track Bottom Flexibility on Noise Radiated from Box-girder Bridges

作　　者：王星欢 何远鹏 张皓迪 圣小珍 WANG Xinghuan;HE Yuanpeng;ZHANG Haodi;SHENG Xiaozhen(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610036,China;Locomotive and Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limitied,Beijing 100081,China;Chengdu Xinzhu Road&Bridge Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 611430,China;School of Urban Railway Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610036 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081 [3]成都市新筑路桥机械股份有限公司,四川成都611430 [4]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《铁道学报》2022年第12期125-133,共9页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFE0205200);国家自然科学基金(U1834201)。

摘　　要：目前对于桥梁结构噪声的研究大多采用有限元-边界元法,而且在进行轮轨力计算时把轮对和轨道结构底部看成是刚性,没有研究轮对柔性和轨道底部由桥梁提供的弹性对桥梁结构噪声的影响。基于此,以WJ-8扣件板式无砟轨道为例,利用频域轮轨相互作用模型及有限元-边界元法建立桥梁振动声辐射模型,研究轮对柔性、轨道结构底部柔性、列车运行速度等对桥梁结构噪声的影响。研究结果表明:若将轮对和轨道结构底部均考虑为刚性时,则会高估桥梁结构噪声达3.2 dB;随着列车运行速度的增加,桥梁结构噪声也增加,其增大程度主要取决于轮轨粗糙度谱;翼板对各个桥旁测点声压级的贡献量均不可忽略。At present,most of the research on structure-borne noise of bridge is based on the finite element method and the boundary element method,and the wheelset and the bottom of the track structure are regarded as rigid body during the calculation of the wheel-rail force,without considering the influence on the structure-borne noise of a box-girder caused by the flexibility of the wheelset and the elasticity at the bottom of the track provided by the bridge.In this paper,the vibration and acoustic radiation model of the bridge with the WJ-8 fastener slab ballastless track was established by using the wheel-rail interaction model in the frequency domain and the finite element method and boundary element method,to study the influences of wheelset flexibility,track structure bottom flexibility and train speed on the structure-borne noise of the bridge.The results show that regarding the wheelset and track structure bottom as rigid body will overestimate the structure-borne noise of the bridge by 3.2 dB.The structure-borne noise of the bridge increases with train speed,and the increase rate in noise mainly depends on the wheel-rail roughness spectrum.The contribution of the wing plate to the sound pressure level of each measuring point beside the bridge is not to be ignored.

关 键 词：轮对柔性 轨道结构底部柔性 轮轨相互作用 桥梁结构噪声 有限元-边界元法 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]