“斯芬克斯因子”溯源与阐释  

The Origins and Interpretations of the “Sphinx Factors”

作　　者：吴笛 Wu Di(Zhejiang Yuexiu University,Shaoxing 312000,China;School of Literature,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江越秀外国语学院 [2]浙江大学文学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2022年第6期26-36,共11页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“文学伦理学批评的理论资源与对外传播研究”(21&ZD264)。

摘　　要：“斯芬克斯因子”是文学伦理学批评理论中的重要概念,生成于古代神话斯芬克斯之谜。它蕴含着“人性因子”和“兽性因子”的对立和冲突,广泛运用于文学伦理学批评实践。“斯芬克斯因子”既有着丰富的理论渊源,也有着坚实的理论基础。其生成渊源和理论根基主要有进化论思想、美德伦理学理论,以及精神分析学说。“适者生存”的进化论思想体现了伦理意识在道德进化中的意义所在。美德伦理学理论说明,人类经过“自然选择”,在“伦理选择”中产生伦理意识之后,才会追求“美德”,才能“学以成人”。而弗洛伊德精神分析学说中的人格理论,与“斯芬克斯因子”的理论观点有着深邃的关联。文学作品中所呈现的“斯芬克斯因子”及其伦理冲突,是人类进步的体现,反映了人类的进化向善和自我认知。The “Sphinx factors” is an important concept in the theory of Ethical Literary Criticism, derived from the ancient mythological Sphinx’s riddle. As a concept that encompasses the opposition and conflict between the “human factor” and the “animal factor,” it is widely used in the practice of Ethical Literary Criticism. The concept of “Sphinx factors” has a rich theoretical origin and a solid theoretical foundation built upon evolutionary ideas, the theory of virtue ethics, and the theory psychoanalysis. The evolutionary idea of “survival of the fittest”embodies the significance of ethical consciousness in moral evolution. The theory of virtue ethics states that only after making their “natural selection” and generating their ethical consciousness through “ethical selection” can human beings pursue “virtue” and “learn to be human.”The personality theory in Freud’s psychoanalysis is deeply related to the concept of the “Sphinx factors.” The Sphinx Factors and their ethical conflicts presented in literary works embody human progress and reflect the human evolution toward goodness and self-awareness.

关 键 词：“斯芬克斯因子” 斯芬克斯之谜 理论溯源 进化论 美德伦理学 精神分析学说 

分 类 号：I0-05[文学—文学理论]