制度与合作环境对企业开放式创新路径的影响——来自中美两国26家企业的模糊集定性比较分析  

Impact of Institutions and Cooperative Environment on the Open Innovation Path of Enterprises: A Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 26 Chinese and American Enterprises

作　　者：马晓飞[1] 杜中文 Ma Xiaofei;Du Zhongwen(School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China)

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学经济管理学院,北京100876

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2022年第24期71-80,共10页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC630120);中国工程院重大战略咨询项目(2019GCYGUO)。

摘　　要：在以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局下,我国企业开放式创新面临全新的机遇和挑战,其开放式创新路径选择尤为关键。制度与合作环境是影响企业开放式创新的外部环境。选取中美两国26家典型企业,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法,分析制度与合作环境对企业开放式创新路径的影响,并对比分析中美企业开放式创新的多重路径。结果发现:中国企业存在4条高开放式创新绩效获取路径,美国企业存在两条高开放式创新绩效获取路径,核心条件均为知识产权保护或合作广度;当中美企业开放式创新路径中缺少知识产权保护或合作广度时,开放式创新绩效欠佳;中国企业开放式创新过程中,获取外部技术的主要途径是对外直接投资或外商直接投资,长期来看,这并不利于我国开放式创新的持续发展。At present, due to the impact of COVID-19, enterprises are facing a more complex and changeable innovation environment, and the risk of open innovation is greatly increased. At the same time, dual-cycle development pattern also provides opportunities for enterprises to reconstruct the path of open innovation. In this context, it is critical to choose the appropriate open innovation path to adapt to the new changes in the external environment, and then improve the open innovation performance.Open innovation in the United States started earlier, but there is still a lack of comparative research on the open innovation paths of Chinese and American enterprises. Therefore, this paper makes a comparative analysis on the open innovation paths of Chinese and American enterprises, which can provide certain reference significance for Chinese enterprises. The existing open innovation research mostly focuses on the impact of internal factors of enterprises on their open innovation performance, leaving the impact of external environmental factors of enterprises and the influence of different combinations of factors untapped. In fact, the success of open innovation of enterprises is the complex result of the combined action of various factors. Therefore, from the perspective of configuration, this paper makes an in-depth study on the synergistic effects of various external environmental factors in the process of open innovation.The institutional logic theory and social network theory believe that the behavior of enterprises will be affected by the complex institutional environment and cooperative network, and the key innovation resources needed by enterprises for open innovation widely exist in them. Thus, it is necessary to study what kind of institutional environment elements and cooperation environment can constitute the path of high open innovation performance of enterprises. On the basis of these two theories, this study constructs a framework for studying enterprise open innovation performance from six aspects, including

关 键 词：制度环境 合作环境 开放式创新路径 定性比较分析 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]