儿童脑卒中49例临床分析  

Clinical analysis of 49 cases of stroke in children

作　　者：杜晓晨[1] 周利兵[1] 王杭州[2] 陈旭勤[3] 陈红梅[1] 柏振江[1] 李莺[1] 华军[1] Du Xiaochen;Zhou Libing;Wang Hangzhou;Chen Xuqin;Chen Hongmei;Bai Zhenjiang;Li Ying;Hua Jun(Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine,Children′s Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Children′s Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China;Department of Neurology,Children′s Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属儿童医院急重症医学科,苏州215000 [2]苏州大学附属儿童医院神经外科,苏州215000 [3]苏州大学附属儿童医院神经内科,苏州215000

出　　处：《中国医师进修杂志》2022年第12期1062-1065,共4页Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童脑卒中的临床特点、影像学特征、治疗和预后情况,为临床救治提供帮助。方法回顾性分析2019年1月1日—12月31日苏州大学附属儿童医院诊治的49例脑卒中患儿的临床资料。结果49例脑卒中患儿中男35例,女14例,年龄1~178(65.69±55.22)个月;病因为脑血管畸形、颅脑外伤、肿瘤、维生素K缺乏、感染性疾病、风湿免疫性疾病、血友病和先天性心脏病。脑卒中的首发症状为意识障碍、偏瘫、抽搐、呕吐和头痛。动脉缺血性卒中18例,主要病因为颅脑外伤和脑血管畸形。出血性卒中31例,主要病因为动静脉畸形、维生素K缺乏和肿瘤。动脉缺血性卒中的手术率显著低于出血性卒中。结论外伤性脑梗死和颅内动静脉畸形分别是儿童动脉缺血性卒中和出血性卒中的主要病因,早期诊治可显著改善预后。Objective To explore the clinical charecteristics,imaging features,therapy and prognosis of stroke in children,and provide help for clinical treatment.Methods The clinical data of 49 children with stroke were collectedand retrospectively analyzed in the Children′s Hospital of Soochow University from January 1,2019 to December 31,2019.Results A mong the 49 children with stroke,35 were male and 14 were female,aged 1-178(65.69±55.22)months;the specific etiologies were cerebrovascular malformation,craniocerebral trauma,tumor,vitamin K deficiencies,infectious diseases,rheumatic immune diseases,hemophilia and congenital heart disease.The first symptoms of stroke were disturbance of consciousness,hemiplegia,convulsions,vomiting and headache.The arterial ischemic stroke(18 cases)were mainly caused by craniocerebral trauma and cerebrovascular malformation.The hemorrhagic stroke(31 cases)were mainly caused by arteriovenous malformation,vitamin K deficiency and tumor.The surgical rate in the arterial stroke group was significantly lower than that in the hemorrhagic stroke group.Conclusions Traumatic cerebral infarction and intracranial arteriovenous malformation are the main causes of arterial ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke in children.Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve prognosis.

关 键 词：儿童 动脉缺血性卒中 出血性卒中 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]