微塑料对浮游动物的毒性效应研究进展  

Research progress on the toxic effects of microplastics on zooplankton

作　　者：薛颖昊 张哲[3] 贾涛 鲁天宇 孙占祥[3] XUE Ying-hao;ZHANG Zhe;JIA Tao;LU Tian-yu;SUN Zhan-xiang(College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Rural Energy and Environment Agency,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110866 [2]农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125 [3]辽宁省农业科学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2022年第12期2449-2460,共12页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：农业农村部农业生态环境保护专项(2110402);第二次全国污染源普查项目(2110399)资助。

摘　　要：微塑料在水生态系统中广泛存在。当微塑料的尺寸与浮游动物的食谱重叠时,有可能被浮游动物摄食。浮游动物是许多次级消费者的主要食物来源,微塑料可通过食物链向上传递,对整个食物网乃至人类产生负面影响。本文从水环境中微塑料的来源出发,阐述了微塑料在海水和淡水系统中的分布特征,分析了微塑料对浮游动物的毒性效应,指出当前研究存在问题及展望。本文丰富了对微塑料污染对浮游动物的生物学效应的认识,为水环境中微塑料的机理和生化反应研究奠定了基础。Microplastics are widespread in aquatic ecosystems.When the size of microplastics overlaps with the diet of zooplankton,they would be ingested by zooplankton.Zooplankton is a crucial food source for many secondary consumers.Microplastics can be transferred along the food chain,with negative impacts on the whole food web and even human beings.Based on the sources of microplastics in water environment,we described the distribution characteristics of microplastics in seawater and fresh water systems,analyzed their toxic effects on zooplankton,and pointed out the existing problems and prospects.This review enriched our understanding of the biological effects of microplastics pollution on zooplankton,and laid a foundation for the study of mechanism and biochemical reaction of microplastics in water environment.

关 键 词：微塑料 浮游动物 毒性 水环境 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52