大小交路条件下的城市轨道交通线路多站协同限流优化  

Optimization of multi-station collaborative passenger flow control for an urban rail transit line with full-length and short-turn routings

作　　者：李思杰 王磊 潘寒川[1] 刘志钢[1] LI Sijie;WANG Lei;PAN Hanchuan;LIU Zhigang(School of Urban Rail Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2022年第12期3536-3545,共10页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52072235);上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题(2022EGL003)。

摘　　要：随着城市轨道交通客运需求的不断增加,越来越多的线路高峰时段面临着过度拥堵的客流压力。为应对潜在的拥挤、踩踏等风险,轨道交通运营企业常采用客流控制措施。基于此背景,针对大小交路条件下的城市轨道交通线路多站协同限流优化问题开展研究。以乘客站外延误时间和站台滞留时间之和最小化为目标,以各车站在各时间间隔的最佳进站人数为决策变量,考虑列车容量限制、车站通过能力限制和站台容量限制等约束条件,构建城市轨道交通线路多站协同限流优化模型;同时,详细刻画了列车运行过程、乘客进站过程、乘客-列车交互过程,计算得到站外滞留人数、站台候车人数、站台滞留人数等各类客流指标;为提高模型求解大规模问题的能力,将其等价转换为整数线性规划模型,利用Gurobi进行求解。以上海地铁9号线为例验证模型的有效性,数值计算结果表明:提出的协同限流方案与无限流和实际非协同限流方案相比,站台滞留乘客数量显著降低,乘客总延误时间较无限流情况减少28.97%,不同运行交路的列车满载率分布更为均衡。该方法有助于缓解车站客流压力,协调线路运能利用,同时提高轨道交通运营安全性和运输效率。With the increasing passenger demand of urban rail transit, increasing number of lines are facing the passenger flow pressure of excessive congestion in peak hours. In order to deal with potential risks such as congestion and stampede, rail transit operators often adopt passenger flow control measures. Based on this background, this paper studied the multi-station collaborative passenger flow control optimization of urban rail transit line under the condition of full-length and short-turn routings. First, the total delay time of passengers outside the station and on the platform was optimized, the optimal number of people entering the station at each time interval was taken as the decision variable, and the constraints including train capacity, station passing capacity, and platform capacity were considered. The multi-station collaborative passenger flow control optimization model was constructed. Meanwhile, the train operation process, the passenger entering process, and the passenger-train interaction process were described in detail. The various passenger flow indicators such as the number of people stranded outside the station, the number of people waiting on the platform, and the number of people stranded on the platform were calculated. Then, in order to improve the ability of solving large-scale problems, the model was equivalently converted into an integer linear programming model, and was solved by Gurobi solver. Finally, an example of Shanghai Metro Line 9 was taken to verify the effectiveness of the model.The numerical results show that as compared to the no passenger flow control and the actual non-collaborative passenger flow control schemes, when the collaborative passenger flow control measures mentioned above were used, the number of passengers stranded on the platform was significantly reduced. The passengers’ total delay time was 28.97%, less than that of no passenger flow control scheme, and the distribution of train load rate of different routes was more balanced. This method is helpful to r

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 协同限流 大小交路 时变需求 整数规划 

分 类 号：U212.34[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]