大数据技术前瞻  

Big data technologies forward-looking

作　　者：梅宏[1] 杜小勇[2] 金海[3] 程学旗[4,5] 柴云鹏 石宣化[3] 靳小龙[4,5] 王亚沙[1] 刘驰 MEI Hong;DU Xiaoyong;JIN Hai;CHENG Xueqi;CHAI Yunpeng;SHI Xuanhua;JIN Xiaolong;WANG Yasha;LIU Chi(Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies(Peking University),Ministry of Education,Beijing 100871,China;School of Information,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Computer Science&Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Computing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100086,China;School of Computer Science and Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Computer Science&Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]高可信软件技术教育部重点实验室(北京大学),北京100871 [2]中国人民大学信息学院,北京100872 [3]华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]中国科学院计算技术研究所,北京100086 [5]中国科学院大学计算机科学与技术学院,北京100049 [6]北京理工大学计算机学院,北京100081

出　　处：《大数据》2023年第1期1-20,共20页Big Data Research

摘　　要：世界主要国家高度重视大数据发展,我国也将发展大数据作为国家战略,发展大数据技术具有重要意义。大数据技术涉及从采集、传输到管理、处理、分析、应用的全生命周期以及生命周期各阶段的数据治理。选取数据生命周期中的管理、处理和分析技术以及大数据治理技术来梳理国内外技术发展现状,特别是研判我国大数据技术发展与国际先进技术之间的差距。另外,在大数据应用需求的驱动下,计算技术体系正面临重构,从“以计算为中心”向“以数据为中心”转型,在新的计算技术体系下,一系列基础理论和核心技术问题亟待破解,新型大数据系统技术成为重要发展方向。在计算体系重构的背景下,提出大数据技术发展的四大技术挑战和十大发展趋势。Major countries in the world attach great importance to the development of big data technology.China also puts big data as a national strategy,of great significance to develop in the long run.Big data technologies include data collection,transmission,management,processing,analysis,and application,forming a data life cycle as well as the data governance related to each procedure.Big data management,processing,analysis,and governance in four areas were seleceted,to identify the gap between China and the world.On the other hand,driven by diverse successful big data applications,the system architecture of computing technology is being restructured.From“computation-centric”to“data-centric”,fundamental computing theories and core technologies need to be redesigned,therefore a new type of big data system technology is becoming an important research direction.Against this background,four technical challenges and ten future development trends of big data technologies were aimed at identifying.

关 键 词：大数据技术 大数据管理 大数据处理 大数据分析 大数据治理 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]