鲁迅翻译实践在中国白话文建构中的作用  

Reviewing the Role of Luxun’s Translation Practice in Vernacular Chinese Construction

作　　者：龚晓辉 贺诗泽 Gong Xiaohui;He Shize

机构地区：[1]阿坝师范学院文学与传媒学院,四川汶川623002

出　　处：《阿坝师范学院学报》2022年第4期89-94,共6页Journal of Aba Teachers University

基　　金：四川省2021年一流本科课程建设项目“‘中国现代文学史’线下课程”(川教函〔2021〕493号);阿坝师范学院2020年一流本科课程建设项目“‘中国现代文学’线下课程”。

摘　　要：本文用洪堡特关于语言是一种“精神力量”的理论和王力认为语句的严密与人的思维发展有关的理论,以及语言接触论的最新成果来分析鲁迅欲通过直译外国文本来改革中国现代汉语的必要性与可行性。首先分析了鲁迅直译文本对白话文建构的创新性贡献。分析方法上的难点在于对于语料的检索与时间界定,即界定哪些结构是汉语原有的、哪些是外来的;随后,考察鲁迅翻译文本的组织方式与现代汉语话语组织方式发生的变化之间的内在联系。本研究使用的历时类比语料库包括北京大学汉语语言学研究中心(CCL)开发的汉语语料库、北京语言文化大学开发的CCRL检索工具以及鲁迅译文全集,以此比较同时期汉语原创和鲁迅翻译文本中的句首成分,探讨某种语言使用现象与翻译的关系,确定哪些变化与鲁迅翻译关联,并详细列举和分析鲁迅直译策略的使用体现。Humboldt holds that language is a‘spiritual force’.Wang Li believes that sentential stringency is related to the development of human thinking.The two theories plus the latest findings arising from the language contact theory has been applied in this paper with an intent to analyze the necessity and workability of Lu Xun’s endeavor in reforming and transforming China’s modern language via literal translation of foreign texts.This paper starts with an analysis of Lu Xun’s groundbreaking contributions to vernacular Chinese construction via literal translation of foreign literature.The difficulty in analysis lies in the retrieval of language materials and the definition of time,namely,to define which structures are original in the Chinese language and which have derived from the foreign languages.This paper proceeds to examine the internal connection lying behind the changes between the way that Lu Xun’s translated texts are organized and the way that modern Chinese discourse is organized.Diachronic analogical corpora,including the Chinese corpora researched and developed by Beijing University Chinese Linguistics Research Center,the CCTR retrieval tool developed by Beijing Language and Culture University,and Lu Xun’s complete translated works are applied in this study to to compare the initial elements of sentences in the Chinese original texts and the foreign texts translated by Lu Xun in the same period,to review the relationship between a certain language use and translation to determine which changes bear on Lu Xun’s translation,and eventually to numerate and analyze Lu Xun’s strategies for literal translation.

关 键 词：鲁迅 翻译 白话文建构 

分 类 号：I210.97[文学—中国文学] H109.4[语言文字—汉语]