“Thorco Cloud”轮沉船高难度打捞实践与总结  

Practice and summary of the difficult salvage of the Thorco Cloud

作　　者：李昌 LI Chang(Guangzhou Salvage Bureau,Ministry of Transport,Guangzhou 510260,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部广州打捞局,广州510260

出　　处：《水道港口》2022年第5期694-700,共7页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0810400)。

摘　　要：“Thorco Cloud”轮沉没在新加坡海峡航路中,沉没地点航运繁忙、水深流急浪大,加之船体断为两截、所载货物抓取困难、打捞作业禁止抛锚等多重因素影响,造成打捞难度极高。通过对沉船打捞技术难点、工艺方法和实施效果等方面的总结,分析了使用浮吊船加装外挂动力(DP)定位系统就位的优势和有效性,阐述了三维成像声呐水下监测系统及超短基线(USBL)水下定位系统在水下抓斗抓取沉船残骸和钢轨等货物时的视觉指导作用和效果。通过打捞工艺的优化与实践,“Thorco Cloud”轮打捞作业历时8个月顺利完成。实践表明,DP动力船舶可以实现复杂海况环境下打捞母船的稳定性,通过创新性的大水深抗干扰安装方法,可以在水下26 m的极限深度安装三维成像声呐,并对海底打捞抓取作业进行实时水下监视,实现水下声学“电视抓斗”的应用功能。“Thorco Cloud”轮沉船打捞的实践,完善了多重限制条件下的沉船与货物打捞工艺设计,该案例对复杂海上环境清障保航等具有重要的参考意义。The ship named Thorco Cloud sank in the route of the Singapore Strait.Where have heavy maritime shipping,deep water,and strong hydrodynamics.It was forbidden to drop anchor when the salvage operation.The shipwreck was broken into two parts.The cargo carried by the ship was difficult to grasp.It is extremely difficult to salvage.The advantages and effectiveness of using a floating crane to install an external Dynamic Positioning system in place were analyzed by summarizing the technical difficulties,technical methods,and implementation effects of the sunken ship salvage.The effects of the three-dimensional imaging sonar monitoring system and the ultra-short baseline in the underwater grabbing of cargo such as shipwrecks and rails are analyzed.The shipwreck salvage accomplishes in 8 months through the optimization and practice of the salvaged technology.The practice shows that the DP-powered ship can achieve the stability of the salvage mother ship in complex sea conditions.Through the innovative deep-water depth anti-jamming installation method,three-dimensional imaging sonar can be installed at the underwater depth of 26 m.It also conducts real-time underwater monitoring data of seabed salvage and grabs operations.The application function of the underwater TV grab is similar.The practice of shipwreck salvage improves the design of shipwreck and cargo salvage under multiple restricted conditions.This case has important reference significance for clearing and navigating the complex marine environment.

关 键 词：沉船打捞 新加坡海峡 动力定位系统 三维成像声呐 水下实时监测 

分 类 号：U676.6[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]