光照对雾培马铃薯前期生长及块茎形成的影响  

Effects of light on early growth and tuber formation of aeroponic potatoes

作　　者：姚翔宇 李广存[2] 徐建飞[2] 卞春松[2] 金黎平[2] 徐志刚[1] YAO Xiangyu;LI Guangcun;XU Jianfei;BIAN Chunsong;JIN Liping;XU Zhigang(College of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers/Key Laboratory of Biology,Genetics and Breeding of Tuber Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所/农业农村部薯类作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2023年第1期14-22,共9页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS09)。

摘　　要：[目的]本研究旨在明确不同光照条件对雾培马铃薯块茎形成初期植株生长、块茎形成及其相关基因表达的影响。[方法]以马铃薯品种‘中薯18号’和‘中薯早35’为材料,选取接种3周长势一致的脱毒试管苗,设置2个光照周期[12 h/12 h(P1)、16 h/8 h(P2)]和3个光照强度[150μmol·m-2·s-1(L1)、350μmol·m-2·s-1(L2)和550μmol·m-2·s-1(L3)]共6个试验组合:P1L1、P1L2、P1L3、P2L1、P2L2和P2L3。取样测定生长和光合指标及相关基因的表达。[结果]P1条件下,2个品种的净光合速率、地上部生物量、地下部生物量、匍匐茎数、单株块茎数和单株产量从高到低的处理依次为P1L3、P1L2、P1L1;P1L3处理加速了‘中薯18号’和‘中薯早35’的块茎形成,分别比P1L1、P1L2处理提早了10.3、3.1 d和7.4、4.2 d。匍匐茎发生期和膨大期StPHYF、StCO1、StSP6A以及StSWEET-1基因在叶片和匍匐茎中的表达量也随光照强度的增加显著上升。P2L2与P2L3处理2个品种净光合速率无明显差异,但都显著高于P2L1。P2处理的2品种地上部生物量、地下部生物量、匍匐茎数随光照强度增强而增加,且显著高于P1。长日照显著抑制了2个品种块茎的形成,与P1L1、P1L2和P1L3相比,P2L1、P2L2和P2L3处理‘中薯18号’和‘中薯早35’块茎形成时间分别推迟了22.3、12.8和13.7 d以及12.4、3.7和3.6 d,并使StPHYF、StCO1在叶片和匍匐茎中表达上调,StSP6A和StSWEET-1的表达被显著抑制。[结论]生产上在较高光照强度下可采用前期长日壮苗促进匍匐茎发生,中后期短日诱导促进块茎形成的方法提高雾培马铃薯生产效率。[Objectives]The purpose of this paper was to clarify the effects of different light treatments on the plant growth, tuber formation and the expression of key tuber formation related genes in aeroponic potatoes. [Methods]. The potato varieties‘Zhongshu 18’and‘Zhongshuzao 35’were used as materials, and virus-free plantlets with 3 weeks of consistent growth were selected. Six light treatments including two photoperiod[12 h/12 h(P1),16 h/8 h(P2)]and three light intensities[150 μmol·m-2·s-1(L1),350 μmol·m-2·s-1(L2)and 550 μmol·m-2·s-1(L3)]were set up, recorded as: P1L1,P1L2,P1L3,P2L1,P2L2 and P2L3,respectively. The growth and photosynthetic indexes and the expression of related genes were measured. [Results]Under the condition of P1,the net photosynthetic rate, aboveground biomass, underground biomass, stolon number, tuber number per plant and yield per plant of the two varieties were P1L3,P1L2 and P1L1 from high to low, and the P1L3 treatment significantly accelerated the tuber formation of ‘Zhongshu 18’and‘Zhongshuzao 35’,which were 10.3,3.1 and 7.4 and 4.2 d earlier than those of P1L1 and P1L2. The expression of StPHYF,StCO1,StSP6A and StSWEET-1 genes in leaves and stolons at stolon initiation and swelling stages also increased significantly with the increase of light intensity. There was no significant difference in net photosynthetic rate between P2L2 and P2L3,but both were significantly higher than P2L1. The aboveground biomass, underground biomass and stolon number of P2 treatment increased with the increase of light intensity, and were significantly higher than P1. Long-day illumination inhibited the tuber formation of the two varieties. Compared with P1L1,P1L2 and P1L3,the tuber formation time of ‘Zhongshu 18’and‘Zhongshuzao 35’treated with P2L1,P2L2 and P2L3 were delayed by 22.3,12.8 and 13.7 d, and 12.4,3.7 and 3.6 d, respectively, and the yield and large tuber rate were reduced. P2 treatment up-regulated the expression of StPHYF and StCO1 in leaves and stolons, while the ex

关 键 词：光照强度 光周期 雾培 马铃薯 块茎形成 基因表达 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]