学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症与父母教养方式、气质特点的相关性分析  

Correlation of preschoolers’dental fear with parenting style and temperament characteristics

作　　者：彭程纬 游弋[1] PENG Cheng-wei;YOU Yi(Hunan Children’s Hospital,Changsha,Hunan 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第1期69-73,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症现状及与父母教养方式、儿童气质特点的相关性,为学龄前儿童的牙科畏惧症的防治提供参考。方法采取便利抽样法选取2022年1—5月湖南省儿童医院口腔科门诊收治的312例学龄前儿童作为研究对象。采用中文版儿童牙科畏惧调查量表-牙科分量表(Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale,CFSS-DS)评估学龄前儿童的牙科畏惧水平,儿童版父母教养方式问卷(Egna Minnen Betraffende Uppfostran for Children,EMBU-C)评估学龄前儿童父母教养方式,中国学龄前儿童气质量表(Chinese Preschool Children Temperament Scale,CPTS)评估学龄前儿童的气质特点。采用多因素logistic回归分析学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症的影响因素。结果312例学龄前儿童CFSS-DS总分(45.62±6.57)分,其中165例有牙科畏惧症,发生率为52.88%(165/312)。不同父母教养方式的学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),情感温暖型的学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症发生率最低(40.43%、57/141),过度保护型的学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症发生率最高(76.19%、16/21);不同气质特点的儿童牙科畏惧症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),平易型的学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症发生率最低(46.97%、62/132),麻烦型的学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症发生率最高(76.19%、31/42)。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、是否独生子女、儿童有无牙科就诊经历、不同家长文化程度、不同家庭月收入、儿童有无接受过口腔健康宣教的学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistics回归分析结果显示,低龄3~4岁(OR=3.028,95%CI:1.787~5.131)、4~5岁(OR=2.370,95%CI:1.519~3.698)、家长文化程度高中及以下(OR=2.392,95%CI:1.491~3.836)、家庭月收入≤0.8万元的(OR=3.333,95%CI:1.914~5.805)、0.9~1.5万元的(OR=2.675,95%CI:1.655~4.324)、父母焦虑性教养(OR=2.380,95%CI:1.543~3.670)、拒绝型教�Objective To explore the current situation of dental phobia in preschool children and its correlation with parenting style and children’s temperament characteristics so as to provide references for prevention and treatment of dental phobia in preschoolers.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 312 preschool children admitted to the Outpatient Department of Stomatology of Hunan Children’s Hospital from January to May 2022 as the research subjects.The Chinese version of the Children’s Fear survey Schedule-Dental Subscale(CFSS-DS)was used to assess the level of dental fear in the preschoolers,and the Egna Minnen Beträffende Uppfostran for Children(EMBU-C)was employed to assess parenting style in the preschoolers.The Chinese Preschool Children Temperament Scale(CPTS)was applied to assessing temperament characteristics of the preschoolers.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing dental fear in the preschoolers.Results The total score of CFSS-DS in 312 preschoolers was(45.62±6.57),of which 165 had dental fear,with the incidence rate of 52.88%(165/312).There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of dental fear among the preschoolers with different parenting styles(P<0.05).Preschoolers with emotional warm had the lowest incidence rate of dental fear(40.43%,57/141),while overprotective type preschoolers had the highest incidence rate of dental fear(76.19%,16/21).The difference in the incidence rate of dental phobia in preschoolers with different temperament characteristics was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rate of dental fear was the lowest in easy-going preschoolers(46.97%,62/132),but the highest in troublesome preschoolers(76.19%,31/42).Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the incidence rate of dental fear among preschoolers with different ages,as only children or not,with or without dental treatment experience,with different parental educational levels,wi

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 牙科畏惧症 父母教养方式 气质特点 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]