家居木制品用水性紫外光固化涂料及其应用研究进展  

Research progress on waterborne UV-curable coatings and their applications for furniture and wood products

作　　者：吴智慧 张海桥 WU Zhihui;ZHANG Haiqiao(College of Furnishings and Industrial Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学家居与工业设计学院,南京210037

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2023年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600704,2018YFD0600304);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX22_1095)。

摘　　要：家居木制品用水性紫外光(ultraviolet, UV)固化涂料是涂布在家居木制品表面,可在UV的照射下进行固化,起到保护和装饰美化作用的一系列液态涂料。水性UV固化涂料综合了水性涂料和UV涂料的特征,具有挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compound, VOC)含量低、固化速度快、绿色环保等优点,但相对于传统的溶剂型涂料,也存在漆膜性能不足、丰满度不够等缺点。家居木制品用水性UV固化涂料需要考虑木制品对水敏感、容易吸水润胀以及UV光源是否有热辐射、导致木制品受热变形等问题。笔者简述了水性涂料的优缺点、几种家居木制品用水性UV固化涂料的改性研究进展,以及适用于家居木制品行业的新型涂装技术和涂料固化技术。比较了我国家居木制品行业相关国家标准和行业标准中关于木制品用涂料VOC或总挥发性有机化合物释放量(total volatile organic compounds, TVOC)的限定值,并将其与国外相关环保标准中关于木制品用涂料VOC/半挥发性有机化合物(semi-volatile organic compound, SVOC)的规定进行比较。最后,对家居木制品用涂料和应用技术的发展趋势作出展望。UV-curable waterborne coatings for furniture and wood products are a series of liquid coatings that can be cured under UV irradiation. It is applied to the surface of the furniture and wood products for protection and decoration. The solvent or dispersion medium of waterborne UV-curable coatings is water, and most of its volatiles are water during the curing process. It is friendly to the environment and would not cause harm to the health of workers. In contrast, traditional solvent-based coatings that use organic solvents as the dispersing medium could release volatile orga-nic compound(VOC) during the curing process and subsequent service of products, which is harmful to the environment and human health. UV-curable coatings contain oligomers(prepolymers), photoinitiators, reactive diluents, and additives. The photoinitiator can generate free radicals or cations under the UV irradiation, which in turn causes the active functional groups in the coatings system to cross-link and cure by the free radical polymerization or cationic polymerization to form the film. The waterborne UV-curable coating combines the characteristics of waterborne coatings and UV-curable coatings, having the advantages of low VOC release, fast curing, and environmentally friendly. However, there are still drawbacks of poor film performance and fullness compared to the solvent-based coatings. The application of waterborne UV-curable coatings for furniture and wood products must consider the issues of whether the wood products are sensitive to water and whether the UV light source has thermal radiation, leading to heat deformation of wood products. This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages of waterborne coatings, the progress of research on the modification of several waterborne UV-curable coatings for furniture and wood products. The new coating technologies such as mechanical automatic spraying, robotic intelligent spraying, and heated nitrogen spraying, and the coating curing technologies such as the UV-LED curing technology an

关 键 词：家居木制品 水性涂料改性 UV-LED固化技术 EB固化技术 机器人智能喷涂 加温氮气喷涂 

分 类 号：TS657[轻工技术与工程] TQ63[化学工程—精细化工]