双模式交通拥挤收费与按比例补贴联合策略设计  

Joint strategy design of congestion toll and proportional subsidy for a bi-modal transportation system

作　　者：卢晓珊 张雨斌 骆明明 丁恒 LU Xiaoshan;ZHANG Yubin;LUO Mingming;DING Heng(School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;School of Civil and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院,合肥230009 [2]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广州510641

出　　处：《交通科技与经济》2023年第1期65-72,共8页Technology & Economy in Areas of Communications

基　　金：合肥市自然科学基金资助项目(2022020)。

摘　　要：针对小汽车和地铁构成的双模式交通系统,提出将道路拥挤收费的收入按比例补贴给地铁用户的联合方法,以鼓励部分用户出行由小汽车向地铁转移,优化交通系统的出行结构。联合策略以固定需求无收费无补贴时的双模式均衡出行方式为基础,分析与补贴联合时统一收费、最优收费、阶梯收费的均衡出行方式,算例分析不同收费与按比例补贴策略对方式划分与成本的影响及其适用性,讨论关键参数对方式划分的敏感性。研究发现,实施统一收费时地铁用户的初始增长量最高,但在补贴时增长不及其他收费策略,适合作为短时调节措施;实施阶梯收费对地铁用户数量的影响与最优收费相差不大,且社会总成本低于统一收费,适合作为长期调节措施;统一收费策略时增加地铁补贴力度,个体和社会都受益;但最优收费和阶梯收费时,增加补贴力度仅对个体有利。Aiming at the bi-modal transportation system composed of automobile and subway, a new joint strategy of subsidizing the income of road congestion toll to subway users in proportion is proposed to encourage some automobile users to transfer to subway, and thus optimize the travel structure of the bi-modal transportation system. Based on the equilibrium model split with fixed demand without toll and subsidy, the joint strategy analyzes the equilibrium model split under three toll strategies jointed with subsidies, which are uniform toll, optimal toll, step toll. Numerical study is utilized to compare the effects of different toll and proportional subsidy strategies on travel model and the cost, and the applicability of different toll strategies is discussed. Sensitivity of key parameters on model split is analyzed. The study shows that the growth of subway users is the highest initially under uniform toll, but performs not as good as other toll strategies under subsidies, so uniform toll is suitable as a short-term strategy. The influence of step toll on the number of subway users shows slight difference from the optimal toll, and its total social cost is lower than that of uniform toll, which is suitable for long-term adjustment strategy. The increase of subway subsidy under the uniform road toll strategy is beneficial to both individuals and the society, but the increase of subway subsidy only benefits to individuals in the case of the optimal toll and step toll strategies.

关 键 词：交通运输经济 双模式交通 瓶颈模型 补贴比例 拥挤收费 方式划分 

分 类 号：U491.265[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] F572.88[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]