行政诉讼“程序空转”现象的多维审视  

A Multi-dimensional Examination of the Phenomenon of Procedure Idling in Administrative Litigation

作　　者：黄先雄[1] HUANG Xianxiong

机构地区：[1]中南大学法学院

出　　处：《法治研究》2023年第1期50-63,共14页Research on Rule of Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“党政合设、合署背景下的行政法基本问题研究”(项目编号:18ZDA148)研究成果。

摘　　要：行政诉讼“程序空转”是指行政诉讼程序在回应起诉人的实体诉求、实现公平正义方面的“无效果”或者“低效率”。这一现象可被分为五种现实类型:实体诉求被裁驳类、实体诉求被转回行政机关类、二审以上程序被高频率使用类、多个关联诉讼包裹一个实体性诉求类和胜诉判决“聊胜于无”类。行政诉讼“程序空转”现象的成因是多方面的,行政诉讼法规范的不足、缺失或者被机械适用,是部分间接原因;法官们实质性解决行政争议的动力、能力与资源不足,是直接原因;行政审判的内外部环境有待进一步改善,乃深层原因。为尽可能减少行政诉讼“程序空转”现象,除了明确行政诉讼法相关规范的适用规则、加强行政审判法官的专业化及职业保障等外,更为重要的是要着力改善行政审判的内外部环境。Administrative litigation "procedural idling" refers to the "ineffectiveness" or "inefficiency" of administrative litigation procedures in responding to the plaintiff’s substantive demands and achieving fairness and justice. It can be divided into five types: substantive claims being dismissed, substantive claims being transferred back to administrative agencies, second-instance and above procedures being used frequently, multiple related litigations directing into one substantive claim, and victory judgments being "better than nothing." Its causes are multifaceted. Insufficiency, lack or mechanical application of the administrative procedure law is part of the indirect reason;the judges’ lack of dynamics, abilities and resources to substantively resolve administrative disputes is the direct cause;the internal and external environment of administrative trials in need of being improved is the underlying reason. In order to curb the spread of "procedural idling" in administrative litigation, in addition to continuously improving the relevant norms and applicable rules of the Administrative Litigation Law, strengthening the professionalization and professional protection of administrative judges, it is more important to continuously improve internal and external judicial environment.

关 键 词：行政诉讼 程序空转 行政审判法官 司法环境 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]