代际教育期望异同对初中生学业成绩的影响机制研究  

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Parent-Child Discrepancies in Educational Expectations on Academic Performance of Junior High School Students

作　　者：潘慧凡 李佳哲 PAN Hui-fan;LI Jia-zhe(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University;School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部 [2]南京师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《教育经济评论》2022年第6期104-124,共21页China Economics of Education Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学重大项目“教育适应中国人口结构发展趋势研究”(VGA190003)。

摘　　要：我国中小学父母教育焦虑现象突出,家庭教育的重要性日益凸显。借助多元线性回归和结构方程模型分析代际教育期望异同对初中生学业成绩的影响。研究发现:(1)与代际教育期望一致高相比,父母教育期望较子女高、父母教育期望较子女低以及代际教育期望一致低均对初中生的学业成绩具有显著的负向影响;(2)学业压力在父母教育期望较子女高(以代际教育期望一致高为参照)与初中生学业成绩的关系中发挥中介作用;(3)家庭教育投入在父母教育期望较子女低或代际教育期望一致低(以代际教育期望一致高为参照)与初中生学业成绩的关系中发挥中介作用。为此,建议初中生父母合理确定子女的成长预期,尽可能保持代际教育期望一致高;父母教育期望较子女高时,父母要帮助子女缓解学业压力;父母教育期望较子女低或代际教育期望一致低时,父母要增加家庭教育投入,尤其重视亲子沟通和家校沟通,以促进子女学业成绩的提高。In China, parents in primary and secondary schools are anxious about their children’s education, and the family education is more and more important.We use multiple linear regression and structural equation model to analyze the effects of parent-child discrepancies in educational expectations on academic performance of junior high school students.The research has found that:(1) Compared with the high educational expectations of both parents and children, higher parents’ educational expectations, lower parents’ educational expectations and the low educational expectations of both parents and children all have significant negative impacts on the academic achievement of junior high school students;(2) Academic pressure plays a mediating role in the relationship between parent-child discrepancies in educational expectations( higher parents’ educational expectations VS high educational expectations of both parents and children) and the academic achievement of junior high school students;(3) The investment in family education plays a mediating role in the relationship between parent-child discrepancies in educational expectations(lower parents’ educational expectations or low educational expectations of both parents and children VS high educational expectations of both parents and children) and the academic achievement of junior high school students.Therefore, we suggest that parents of junior high school students should reasonably determine their children’s growth expectations and try to share the high educational expectations with their children;When parents’ educational expectations are higher than their children’s, parents should help their children relieve their academic pressure;When parents’ educational expectations are lower than their children’s or parents and children share the low educational expectations, parents should increase their investment in family education, especially parent-child communication and home-school communication, so as to promote children’s academic performance.

关 键 词：代际教育期望异同 学业压力 家庭教育投入 学业成绩 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]