基于环境DNA宏条形码的珠江河口鱼类种类组成  

Species composition of fishes in the Pearl River estuary based on environmental DNA metabarcoding

作　　者：李红婷 邹柯姝 张帅[1,2] 曹漪婷 卢芷程 陈作志 李敏[1,5] LI Hongting;ZOU Keshu;ZHANC Shuai;CAO Yiting;LU Zhicheng;CHEN Zuozhi;LI Mins(Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,Guangdong,China;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Marine Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Laoning,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Guangzhou 511458,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业农村部外海渔业开发重点实验室,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [3]华南农业大学海洋学院,广东广州510642 [4]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [5]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室,广东广州511458

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2022年第6期1423-1433,共11页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2019TS13,2021SD18);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0605);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201001)。

摘　　要：利用环境DNA宏条形码技术对珠江河口区的鱼类组成进行初步探究。采用线粒体12S部分序列作为条形码标记,对采自珠江口伶仃洋7个采样点的水样滤膜DNA进行扩增,共获得有效序列26 777条,聚类得到35种可操作分类单元(OTU)序列。经比对共检测出35种鱼类,隶属于9目20科29属。其中,30种鉴定到种水平,5种仅鉴定到属水平。在7个采样点中分别检测到9~31个种类,种类数量最多的是鲈形目,共22种。在A和F点检测到易危(Vulnerable)物种——迈氏条尾(Taeniura meyeni)。通过与珠江河口不同海域的两项类似的研究对比发现,研究区域、样品采集策略和采用的条形码标记的不同使得检测到的鱼类种类的数量和组成上有明显差异。研究表明,环境DNA宏条形码技术适用于珠江河口伶仃洋鱼类种类组成调查,可以作为传统调查方法的一种补充手段,用于河口区鱼类多样性调查和研究。In this study, we investigated the fish species composition of the Pearl River estuary using environmental DNA(eDNA) metabarcoding. DNA were extracted from water samples collected from 7 sites in Lingding bay of Pearl River estuary and partial sequences of the mitochondrial 12 S were amplified. 26 777 effective sequences were obtained in total and the sequences were clustered into 35 OTUs(operational taxonomic units). A total of 35 fish species were identified from 9 orders, 22 families and 29 genera. Among them, 30 species were identified to the species level, and 5 species were only identified to the genus level. 9-31 species were detected separately in 7 sampling sites. Most of the species belongs to Perciformes, with 22 species in total. The vulnerable species(Taeniura meyeni) was detected at sites A and F. By comparing with two similar studies the Pearl River estuary, we found that the difference of the sampling area, sample collection strategy and the molecular marker adopted makes significant differences in the number and composition of the fish species detected. The results show that the environmental DNA metabarcoding technology is suitable for the investigation of fish species composition in Lingding Bay of the Pearl River estuary, which can be used as a supplementary method for the investigation and assessments of fish diversity in the estuary area.

关 键 词：环境DNA(eDNA) 珠江河口 物种检测 鱼类多样性 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]