上帝可以不服从逻辑--石头悖论新解  

God Can Disobey Logic:A Solution of the Stone Paradox

作　　者：邓曦泽 Deng Xize(School of International Studies,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期45-51,共7页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“技术权力主体化的政治学研究”(21BZZ001)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：历史上,石头悖论是质疑上帝全能观念的重要论证。该悖论提出一个诘问:“上帝能否造出它自己也不能举起的石头?”通过分析可以发现,该悖论的前提部分蕴含两个相互矛盾的条件,第一个条件是上帝是全能的,它是显性的,也是目标假设;第二个条件是上帝也必须服从逻辑,但这一条件是非常隐蔽的,而且是逻辑假设。由于从矛盾的前提可以推出任意结论,所以,该悖论是无效的。如果剔除原悖论中的第二个条件,保留上帝全能这一条件,则可以推论出,上帝可以不服从逻辑,因而它既能制造出也不能制造出它自己也不能举起的石头,而这种在人类思维中的矛盾恰好证明上帝是全能的,因为只有全能者才能允许矛盾存在。进一步,还可构造更多同构案例,对这种全能者逻辑加以复制、推广和验证。Historically,the stone paradox is an important argument to question the omnipotence of God.The paradox raises a question:"Can God make a stone that he can't lift by himself?"Through the analysis,we can find that the premise of the paradox contains two contradictory conditions.The first one is that God is omnipotent,which is explicit and a goal hypothesis;the second one is that God should obey logic,but this condition is very implicit,which is a logical postulation.Since any conclusion can be deduced from the premise of contradiction,the paradox is invalid.If the second condition in the original paradox is removed and the condition of God's omnipotence is retained,it can be inferred that God can disobey logic,so he can and cannot make a stone that he can't lift by himself,and this contradiction in human thinking just proves that God is omnipotent,because only the omnipotent can allow contradictions to exist.More isomorphic cases can be constructed to replicate,popularize and verify this omnipotent logic.

关 键 词：石头悖论 全能 逻辑 上帝 

分 类 号：B81-0[哲学宗教—逻辑学]