城市社区老年人视力损伤现状及其与高血压糖尿病患病关系分析  

Current situation of visual impairment and its relationship with hypertension and diabetes among the elderly in urban communities

作　　者：李韬奕 杨洋[1] 蔡鹏[2] LI Tao-yi;YANG Yang;CAI Peng(Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,健康行为与社会医学系,四川成都610041 [2]成都市青羊区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第1期109-115,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省科技厅(2015SZ0050)。

摘　　要：目的 了解成都市社区老年人视力损伤现状及高血压糖尿病患病状况与视力损伤的关系。方法 基于国家基本公共卫生服务项目成都市青羊区65岁及以上的老年人2019年体检数据,将老年人视力损伤状况分为无损伤、轻度损伤和中重度损伤。采用卡方检验进行单因素分析选择控制变量,再采用多分类logistic回归分析探究老年人高血压糖尿病患病状况与视力损伤程度关系。结果 共纳入23 725名老年人,平均年龄为(72.3±5.9)岁。轻度视力损伤患病率51.51%,中重度视力损伤患病率9.35%。多分类logistic回归结果显示,仅患糖尿病的老年人视力损伤患病比例更高,而仅患糖尿病和共患高血压糖尿病的老年人中重度视力损伤患病比例更高。结论 成都市青羊区老年人不仅轻度视力损伤率较高,且中重度视力损伤率也较高,从控制社区老年人早期视力损伤的慢性病管理出发,必须重视轻度视力损伤老年人患病状况,尤其是针对患有糖尿病的老年人健康管理。Objective To understand the current situation of visual impairment in the elderly in communities of Chengdu and the relationship between the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and visual impairment. Methods Based on the National Basic Public Health Service Project, the 2019 Qingyang District physical examination data of elderly people aged 65 years or above were used. Their visual impairment status was classified as no impairment, mild impairment, and moderate to severe impairment. The chi-square test was used for univariate analysis to select the control variables, and the multi-categorical groups were compared two by two, and then multi-categorical logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and the degree of visual impairment in the elderly. Results This study included 23 725 participants with a mean age of 72.3(SD 5.9) years. The prevalence of mild visual impairment was 51.51%, and the prevalence of moderate to severe visual impairment was 9.35%. The results of multi-categorical logistic regression showed that the elderly with only diabetes had a higher proportion of visual impairment, while the proportion of moderate to severe visual impairment in the elderly with only diabetes and hypertension diabetes comorbidity was higher. Conclusion The elderly in Qingyang District of Chengdu have not only a high rate of mild visual impairment, but also a high rate of moderate to severe visual impairment. From the perspective of chronic disease management to control early visual impairment of the elderly in the community, we must pay attention to the disease status of the elderly with mild visual impairment, especially for the health management of the elderly with diabetes.

关 键 词：城市老年人 视力损伤 国家基本公共卫生服务 慢性病管理 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]