贵州省2016—2021年有毒植物及其毒素中毒暴发事件监测情况分析  

Monitoring of toxic plant and toxin poisoning outbreaks in Guizhou,2016—2021

作　　者：何进 刘琳[2] 朱姝[2] 张黎黎 杨琪 田继贵 汪俊华[1] 王娅芳[2] 张丽[1,3] HE Jin;LIU Lin;ZHU Shu;ZHANG Li-li;YANG Qi;TIAN Ji-gui;WANG Jun-hua;WANG Ya-fang;ZHANG Li(The key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,College of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测评价研究所 [3]四川省成都市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第21期4009-4013,4032,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2021-414);贵州省传染病预防与控制人才基地科研团队项目(RCJD2106)。

摘　　要：目的探索贵州省有毒植物及其毒素中毒暴发事件的流行病学特征,为预防和控制有毒植物及其毒素中毒提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2016—2021年贵州省食源性疾病暴发监测系统报告的有毒植物及其毒素中毒暴发事件进行分析。结果2016—2021年贵州省共报告有毒植物中毒事件550起,发病2010人,死亡2人,病死率0.10%;中毒事件的原因食品中,马桑果193起(35.09%)、有毒野菜178起(32.36%)、菜豆50起(9.09%);5月报告216起(39.27%);9个地区均有事件报告;农村地区报告391起(71.09%);50.00%的中毒事件发生在家庭;各年龄段均有发病;因误食误用导致的有毒植物中毒事件486起(88.36%)。结论贵州省有毒植物中毒事件报告呈逐年上升趋势,主要因误食误用马桑果、有毒野菜和菜豆造成中毒,防控重点在春夏之交的农村地区家庭。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of toxic plants and their toxins poisoning in Guizhou Province,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of toxic plants and their toxins poisoning in Guizhou Province.Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the outbreaks of toxic plants and their toxins reported by the foodborne disease outbreak system in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2021.Results From 2016 to 2021,a total of 550 outbreaks of toxic plant and toxin poisoning were reported in Guizhou Province,with 2,010 cases and 2 deaths,with a case fatality rate of 0.10%;among the food causes of poisoning events,there were 193 events caused by coriaria fruit(35.09%),178 events caused by poisonous wild vegetables(32.36%),50 events caused by kidney beans(9.09%);216 events(39.27%)were reported in May;events were reported in 9 regions;391 events(71.09%)were reported in rural areas;50.00%of poisoning events occurred in families;the disease occurred in all age groups;486 events(88.36%)of toxic plant poisoning were caused by ingestion and misuse.Conclusion The report of toxic plant and toxin poisoning events in Guizhou Province shows an upward trend year by year,mainly due to the poisoning caused by the misuse of horse mulberry fruit,toxic wild vegetables and kidney beans.The prevention and control measures should focus on families in rural areas at the turn of spring and summer.

关 键 词：有毒植物 暴发 监测 

分 类 号：R155.32[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]