基于高效液相色谱法测定紫云冰脆李果实的生理指标含量  

Determination of Physiological Indexes of Ziyun Plum by HPLC

作　　者：罗昌国[1] 袁启凤[1] 陈守一[1] 田晓慧 王天宇 LUO Changguo;YUAN Qifeng;CHEN Shouyi;TIAN Xiaohui;WANG Tianyu(Guizhou Institute of Fruits Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省果树科学研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第1期59-66,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技厅农业攻关项目“紫云冰脆李提质增效关键技术集成与示范”[黔科合支撑(2020)1Y028];贵州省科技计划项目“贵州省农科院农业生物资源实验室智慧化建设及创新能力提升”[黔科合服企(2020)4006],“贵州地方李晚熟新品种选育”[黔科合支撑(2019)2265]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明紫云冰脆李果实可溶性糖、有机酸和B族维生素的含量与组成特征,了解其营养成分和价值,为紫云冰脆李的开发应用提供科学依据。【方法】以紫云冰脆李为试材,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对紫云冰脆李果皮和混合样品(除核外的带皮果肉)的可溶性糖、有机酸和B族维生素进行测定分析。【结果】HPLC法可较好地分离紫云冰脆李果皮和混合样品的可溶性糖、有机酸和维生素组分。其中,紫云冰脆李可溶性糖主要有果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘露醇和山梨醇,果皮以葡萄糖含量最高,果糖次之,共占总糖的66.41%;混合样以蔗糖含量最高,葡萄糖次之,共占总糖的59.72%。有机酸主要有苹果酸、草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸和莽草酸,果皮和混合样均以苹果酸为主,分别占总酸的87.66%和87.38%;B族维生素主要为维生素B1、B2、B6和B12,果皮和混合样均以维生素B12含量最高,分别为33.53μg/g和36.99μg/g,其中,除果皮维生素B6显著高于混合样外,维生素B1、B2和B12均显著低于混合样。【结论】紫云冰脆李是以苹果酸为主要有机酸的李品种,具有果皮葡萄糖含量高、混合样蔗糖含量高及果皮和混合样维生素B12含量高的特点。【Objective】The content and composition characteristics of soluble sugars,organic acids and B vitamins in fruits of Ziyun Plum are determined and analysed,so as to understand the nutritional components and value and provide the scientific basis for development and application of Ziyun Plum.【Method】The soluble sugars,organic acids and B vitamins in peel and mixed(flesh with peel)samples from Ziyun Plum are determined by HPLC.【Result】The HPLC can determine composition of soluble sugars,organic acids and B vitamins in peel and mixed samples of Ziyun Plum preferably.The soluble sugars in fruits of Ziyun Plum include fructose,glucose,sucrose,mannitol and sorbitol.The content of glucose in the peel sample is the highest,followed by fructose and the content of fructose and glucose in peel of Ziyun Plum accounts for 66.41%of total soluble sugars.The content of sucrose in the mixed sample is the highest,followed by glucose and the content of sucrose and glucose in the mixed sample of Ziyun Plum accounts for 59.72%of total soluble sugars.The organic acids include malic acid,oxalic acid,citric acid,tartaric acid,succinic acid and shikimic acid mainly.The content of malic acid in the peel and mixed samples accounts for 87.66%and 87.38%of total organic acids respectively.The B vitamins include B1,B2,B6and B12,The content of B12in the peel and mixed samples reaches 33.53μg/g and 36.99μg/g separately.The content of B6in the peel sample is significantly higher than the mixed sample but the content of B1,B2and B12in the peel sample is significantly lower than the mixed sample.【Conclusion】Ziyun Plum is a plum variety with higher malic acid content.Ziyun Plum has the characteristics of higher glucose content in peel,and higher sucrose and B12content in flesh with peel.

关 键 词：紫云冰脆李 果实 可溶性糖 有机酸 B族维生素 高效液相色谱 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]