壳聚糖酶的研究进展  

Recent advances of chitosanases

作　　者：徐寅啸 曹声生 唐天城 宁利敏[2] 朱本伟 倪芳[1] 姚忠[1] XU Yinxiao;CAO Shengsheng;TANG Tiancheng;NING Limin;ZHU Benwei;NI Fang;YAO Zhong(College of Food Science and Light Industry,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China;School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学食品与轻工学院,江苏南京211800 [2]南京中医药大学医学院·整合医学学院,江苏南京211023

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2023年第1期15-24,38,共11页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31601410);宿迁市科技计划(L201906);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(KYCX20_1103)。

摘　　要：壳聚糖是由N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖和D-氨基葡萄糖通过β-1,4-糖苷键连接而成的碱性多糖。壳寡糖是壳聚糖的降解产物,具有良好的生物活性、溶解度及生物利用度,在医药、食品等领域有着广泛的作用。壳聚糖酶是一类特异性降解部分或完全脱乙酰壳聚糖的糖苷水解酶,因其降解效率高、反应温和可控而成为目前的研究热点。本文对壳聚糖酶的性质、结构、催化机制以及应用等方面进行了综述,总结梳理这些信息对于探寻目前壳聚糖酶研究中存在的一些问题以及今后的研究方向有重要意义,有助于促进壳聚糖酶的进一步开发利用。Chitosan is an alkaline polysaccharide consisting ofβ-1,4-glycosidic bonds linked to N-acetyl glucosamine units and D-glucosamine units.Chitooligosaccharide,a product of chitosan degradation,has better biological activity and better solubility than chitosan,and has an important role in the pharmaceutical and food industries.Chitosanases are a class of glycoside hydrolases that specifically degrade partially or completely deacetylated chitosan.Chitosanase has become a major research focus because of its high degradation efficiency and mild and controllable reaction.In this paper,some research advances on chitosanases including their properties,structures,catalytic mechanisms and applications are reviewed.It is important to summarize and sort out this information to explore some problems in the current chitosanase research and future research directions,to help promote further development and utilization of chitosanase.

关 键 词：壳聚糖酶 糖苷水解酶 催化机制 壳聚糖 壳寡糖 

分 类 号：Q814[生物学—生物工程]