合成生物学细胞传感技术在食品安全快速检测中的应用  

Application of Synthetic Biology Based Whole-cell Biosensor Technology in the Rapid Detection of Food Safety

作　　者：陈晓琳 刘洋儿 许文涛[2] 郭明璋 刘慧琳[1] CHEN Xiao-lin;LIU Yang-er;XU Wen-tao;GUO Ming-zhang;LIU Hui-lin(School of Food and Health,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048;Department of Nutrition and Health,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京100048 [2]中国农业大学营养与健康系,北京100083

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第1期137-149,共13页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32102085);北京工商大学青年教师科研启动基金项目(QNJJ2021-04)。

摘　　要：合成生物学细胞传感技术为快速、现场检测食品污染物提供了一种新型替代方法。由于细胞内环境相对稳定,合成生物学细胞传感器有较强的抗干扰能力;由于细胞能够通过自我复制而实现增殖,细胞传感器在生产上具有简单、廉价、快速的特点,因此在食品安全快速检测中具有良好的应用前景。本文综述了合成生物学细胞传感器核心元件的组成、构建方法和类型,介绍了多功能细胞传感器的合成生物学基因回路,列举了细胞传感器在食品安全快速检测中的商业化应用前景,并阐述了细胞传感器在食品安全快速检测中的挑战和发展趋势。Synthetic biology-based whole-cell sensing technology provides an alternative approach for rapid and on-site detection of heavy metals.Because the intracellular environment is relatively stable,whole-cell biosensor presents strong anti-interference ability;the biosensor cells can proliferate with cell self-replication,so the whole-cell biosensor has the characteristics of simple,cheap and fast in production.Therefore,whole-cell biosensor demonstrates a promising application prospect in the rapid detection of food pollutants.This article,the composition,construction methods,and types of core elements for whole-cell biosensor are summarized.Then synthetic biology-based gene circuits for multi-function detection technologies are introduced;further the commercialized applications of whole-cell biosensor in rapid food safety testing are enumerated;and finally the challenges and development prospects of cell biosensors in the rapid detection of food safety are illustrated.

关 键 词：合成生物学 细胞传感器 食品安全 快速检测 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程] TP212.3[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TS207.3[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]