“方证相对”续论  

The continuation of study on the theory of “relativity between prescription and syndrome”

作　　者：贾春华 王永炎(指导)[2] JIA Chunhua;WANG Yongyan(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijingg100700,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029 [2]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2022年第11期1119-1123,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.81874514)。

摘　　要：“方证相对”是一个历久弥新的话题,不同时代的诠释者总在为之注入新血液。伴随“方证相应”“方证相关”新成员的加入,“方证相对”家族在不断地壮大。若“方证相对”是一种辨证方法,无疑要围绕“方证”“相对”“方证相对”三大基本概念展开研究。“方证”是依据方剂主治划分证候的一种方法,即以方名证;“相对”是将方剂的主治病证与患者表现出的证候进行比对,以观察其相容相合程度;“方证相对”是依据比对结果的“相合”程度选择方剂。方剂主治病证的确立来自既往医家的记载和新经验的融入,选择方剂与判断“方证”是否相对的途径有依据证候和依据病机之二途。“方证相对”是一种偏重于怎么办的理论,其利弊得失建议从基础与应用两个视角来评价。“Relativity between prescription and syndrome” is a timeless topic, and interpreters of different eras are continually injecting new content into it. With the addition of new members “correspondence between prescription and syndrome” and “relevance of prescription and syndrome”, the “relativity between prescription and syndrome” family is constantly growing. If “relativity between prescription and syndrome” is a method of syndrome differentiation, it is undoubtedly necessary to conduct research around the three basic concepts of “prescription-syndrome”, “relative”, and “relativity between prescription and syndrome”.“Prescription-syndrome” is a method of classifying syndromes according to the indications of prescriptions, that is, to name syndromes according to prescriptions. “Relative” is to compare the main symptoms of the prescription with the symptoms displayed by the patient. “Relativity between prescription and syndrome” is to select the prescription according to the degree of “consistency” of the comparison result. The establishment of prescriptions for treating diseases and syndromes originates from the records of previous physicians and the integration of new experiences. The methods of choosing prescriptions and judging whether “prescription-syndrome” are relative are based on syndrome characteristics and pathogenesis characteristics. “Relativity between prescription and syndrome” is a theory that emphasizes “how to do”, and its advantages and disadvantages are suggested to be evaluated from the perspectives of base and application.

关 键 词：方证相对 方证 证候 伤寒论 金匮要略 

分 类 号：R229[医药卫生—中医基础理论]