“香入脾”理论发微  

Explanation of the theory of “aromatics acting on the spleen”

作　　者：刘珍珠 钱柯宏 刘修超 刘雨昕 翟双庆[1] LIU Zhenzhu;QIAN Kehong;LIU Xiuchao;LIU Yuxin;ZHAI Shuangqing(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2022年第11期1130-1134,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(No.2013CB532001);国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFC1704100,No.2018YFC1704105);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No.2020-JYB-ZDGG-028)。

摘　　要：“香入脾”是临床以芳香药物调理脾脏,进而治疗相关疾病的重要理论依据。本文从释义、源流、应用等方面对“香入脾”理论进行探讨,认为“香入脾”源于《黄帝内经》“脾臭香”,为五臭之一,而臭是不同于味、且与味同等重要的概念,其因鼻而异,所主脏腑当为心肺;香为谷香与草木香,泛指中和美好之气。“香入脾”或为“气香归入脾”的简称,大约始于宋元之后,是《黄帝内经》中的五臭理论在后世脏腑辨证与药物药性学说及归经体系发展过程中的产物。“香入脾”的作用本质为行脾气,突出药物之“气”对于脏腑气机的作用,具有营运脾气、鼓动中焦斡旋,以及运脾化湿、促使气动湿化两方面的作用。同时,若用香太过,或使用不当,则易伤脾耗气。明确“香入脾”的理论内涵及其起源、形成和发展,对于现代中医理论体系的构建、芳香药物的临床应用和脾胃相关疾病的治疗等均有重要意义。The theory of “aromatics acting on the spleen” is crucial evidence leading aromatic herbs to regulate the spleen to treat related diseases in clinical practice. This article discusses the definitions, origin and the application of the theory of “aromatics acting on the spleen”. “Aromatics acting on the spleen” originates from “spleen is related to fragrance” in Huangdi Neijing, which is one of the five odors. Odor is a concept as important as flavor, which are different from nose to another, causing heart and lungs dominating odors. Aromatics, including cereals and vegetations, refer to harmonious and glorious qi in general. “Aromatics acting on the spleen” is short for “odors that are fragrance being transported to the spleen”, which originates from the theory of five odors in Huangdi Neijing after the Song and Yuan dynasty, during the development of Zang-Fu viscera syndrome differentiation, the medicinal properties theory, and the meridian tropism system. Essentially, “aromatics acting on the spleen” is to operate spleen qi, highlighting the function that the medicinal “qi” affects Zang-fu viscera qi movement, which can both nurture spleen qi, promote rotating in the middle energizer, and invigorate the spleen to resolve dampness, stimulating qi to eliminate dampness. Meanwhile, if aromatics are overused or misused, they could easily damage the spleen qi. Clarification of the theory’s connotation, origin, and forming and developing process has significance in constructing a modern Chinese medicine theoretical framework, implementing the use of aromatic herbs in the clinic, and treating diseases related to spleen and stomach.

关 键 词：香 脾 五臭 五味 黄帝内经 芳香药 

分 类 号：R223.1[医药卫生—中医基础理论]