郭予元院士在小麦害虫预测和治理上的学术贡献——纪念郭予元院士诞辰90周年  

Contribution of Academician Guo Yuyuan in the prediction and management of wheat insect pests——To commemorate the 90th anniversary of the birth of Academician Guo Yuyuan

作　　者：陈巨莲[1] 武予清[2] 张勇[1] 范佳[1] 谭晓玲[1] 曹雅忠[1] 苗进[2] 倪汉祥[1] CHEN Julian;WU Yuqing;ZHANG Yong;FAN Jia;TAN Xiaoling;CAO Yazhong;MIAO Jin;NI Hanxiang(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第1期13-21,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31871979,31901881,31801739,32172415);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业小麦产业技术体系(CARS-03)。

摘　　要：本文回顾了郭予元院士在小麦害虫预测和治理上的重要贡献,主要包括:在20世纪70-90年代,创新了害虫生物学与生态学有机结合方法,显著提升小麦害虫预测技术水平。从宏观到机理,突破了多项小麦害虫治理关键技术,包括小麦品种抗吸浆虫鉴定技术与抗吸浆虫机制,创新性提出吸浆虫成虫期防治及穗期保护策略;利用田间开放式控制虫量的办法建立小麦蚜虫防治阈值及复合防治指标;麦田天敌资源的保护及利用。面向小麦生产实际,创建小麦吸浆虫综合治理技术体系。吸浆虫穗期保护策略和技术、蚜虫防治指标与防治适期等研究成果一直传承至今,列入我国农业行业标准和国家标准。本文还介绍了在后续小麦吸浆虫、蚜虫预测与防控研究与实践中,传承与发展郭予元院士的学术思想,以及未来研究展望。This paper reviews the important contribution of Academician Guo Yuyuan in the prediction and management of wheat insect pests.During 1970s-1990s,he innovated the method by close combination of pest biology and ecology,and significantly improved the level of wheat pest forecast technology.From wheat field investigation to laboratory mechanism,the key technologies of wheat pests control were developed,including pest resistant identification technology and mechanism for wheat varieties to wheat midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana,innovative strategies for adult control and ear protection against S.mosellana,establishment of control threshold and comprehensive control index in the natural ecosystem,protection and utilization of natural enemy resources in wheat field.Facing the related wheat cultivation areas,established a comprehensive control technology system for S.mosellana management.Academician Guo’s research results of the strategy and technology of the protection spike stage against wheat midge adult,and wheat aphid control index and the control suitable period have been inherited up to now,and listed in China’s agricultural industry standards and national standards.This paper also introduces the inheritance and improvement of Academician Guo in the follow-up research on the prediction,prevention and control of wheat midges and aphids.In the end,further research on wheat major insect pests in the future is prospected.

关 键 词：郭予元 吸浆虫 小麦蚜虫 发生期和程度预测 小麦穗期保护 复合防治指标 

分 类 号：S435.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]