郭予元院士在棉铃虫区域性综合防治技术体系研究及应用中的学术贡献——纪念郭予元院士诞辰90周年  

Contribution of Academician Guo Yuyuan to the study on the regional technic system of integrated pest management against the rampant damage of cotton bollworm——To commemorate the 90th anniversary of the birth of Academician Guo Yuyuan

作　　者：戴小枫 梁革梅[1] 王桂荣 张永军[1] DAI Xiaofeng;LIANG Gemei;WANG Guirong;ZHANG Yongjun(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenzhen 518120,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所,深圳518120

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第1期22-27,95,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程。

摘　　要：郭予元院士带领团队研究人员通过多年协同攻关研究,解析了棉铃虫发生为害规律和自然种群生命表机制,明确了棉铃虫对多种农药抗药性动态并应用于棉田抗药性治理,揭示了黄河流域棉区棉花对不同世代棉铃虫为害的补偿生长规律和防治策略,基于不同世代棉铃虫为害阈值和防治指标创建了准确预报二代棉铃虫发生数量的一代麦田扫网法,开展棉花种质资源抗病虫性鉴定并指导选育多抗棉花系列新品种。通过整合诱杀、选择性杀虫剂、生物农药与化学农药次序使用和局部精准施药等绿色防治技术,组建区域性棉花主要病虫害综合防治技术体系,棉区棉铃虫为害得到有效控制,引领了我国农作物主要病虫害综合防治技术的发展。本文简要回顾了郭予元院士在该领域研究中做出的主要历史贡献。Academician Guo Yuyuan led the research teams to carry out a series study on integrated pests management(IPM)for Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner).The important academic progress achieved includes:revealed the occurrence and damage rules of H.armigera and the mechanism of its natural population life table;clarified the resistance dynamics of H.armigera to multiple pesticides and then applied it to control the insecticides resistance management(IRM)in cotton fields;figured out the compensation pattern of cotton plants against the infestation of different generations of H.armigera in Yellow River area and put forward control tactics;established a sweeping gauze technology of first-generation of H.armigera in wheat field to accurately predict the occurrence of the second generation of H.armigera based on the damage thresholds and control indicators of different generations of H.armigera;carried out resistance identification against diseases and insect pests of cotton germplasm resources and guided the breeding of new varieties of multi-resistant cottons;integrated the key green control technologies such as trapping,selective insecticides,rotation of biological pesticides and chemical pesticides and precise application of pesticides to build a regional IPM system for major cotton diseases and insect pests.Consequently,the disasters of H.armigera have been effectively controlled,which guided the further development of IPM for the main crop diseases and insect pests in China.This literature briefly reviews the major historical contributions of Academician Guo Yuyuan in the above research fields.

关 键 词：郭予元 棉花 棉铃虫 病虫害综合防治 

分 类 号：S435.622.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]